Grex Music3 Conference

Item 66: The Eighth Napster Item

Entered by krj on Sat Jan 5 22:04:29 2002:

Continuing the weblog, with occasional discussion, about news relating to 
the deconstruction of the music business: with side forays, to 
steal polygon's description, into "intellectual property, freedom 
of expression, electronic media, corporate control, and 
evolving technology." 
 
This item is linked between the Winter Agora conference and the 
Music conference.  The previous version of this item (item:music3,37)
includes a list of all earlier items in this series. 
219 responses total.

#1 of 219 by krj on Sat Jan 5 22:10:14 2002:

Soundscan issues a report on 2001 CD sales:
http://dailynews.yahoo.com/h/nm/20020103/re/leisure_albums_dc_1.html
"Album Sales Not Sweet Music in 2001"

(Soundscan is the company which runs the point-of-sale counting 
system used by Billboard magazine for the "official" US sales charts.)

Quotes:
> A lack of blockbuster hits, the weak economy, and the 
> distraction of underground music Web sites like
> Napster (news - web sites) and other media combined to 
> push U.S. album sales to 762.6 million in
> 2001 from 784.8 million in 2000, according to Soundscan, .

> It was the first decline since the company began monitoring 
> album sales in 1991 and was almost
> entirely reflected in the drop in sales at the 
> multi-platinum top of the charts.
 
> The top-10 selling albums sold 20 million less units in 
> 2001 than the top 10 albums in 2000, a
> Soundscan spokeswoman said.
 
> The year's best selling album was Warner Bros.' 
> ``Hybrid Theory'' by Los Angeles-based rock group
> Linkin Park, which sold just 4.8 million units.
 
> By contrast, seven albums sold more than 5 million copies each 
> in 2000, with Eminem (news - web
> sites)'s smash release ``The Marshall Mathers LP'' 
> selling more than 9 million.

To repeat that key point:  the top-selling CD in 2001 sold roughly half
as many copies as the top-selling CD in 2000.  


#2 of 219 by krj on Sat Jan 5 22:19:11 2002:

Slashdot has coverage of the US imposing trade sanctions on the Ukraine
over bootleg CDs.  As best as I can sort it out, the US is demanding 
that Ukraine implement a serial number licensing system for all 
CD blanks and all CD-manufacturing machines so that the sale of 
every CD from that country can be traced.
 
http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=02/01/03/1621205&mode=thread


#3 of 219 by mcnally on Sun Jan 6 00:30:34 2002:

  We're demanding that they do something there that we don't do here?
  Or *do* we do that here?


#4 of 219 by ric on Sun Jan 6 03:34:10 2002:

I don't think it's necessary to do it here if CD piracy isn't a problem here.
And, to my knowledge, it's not.  NOTE that I'm saying "CD Piracy" and not
"music piracy".  We're talking about making illegal copies of compact discs
and selling them.  That's not a real problem in the US.


#5 of 219 by krj on Sun Jan 6 05:19:33 2002:

Genuine Napster News!  :)
 
http://www.mp3newswire.net/stories/2002/napsterlives.html

mp3newswire.net discusses Napster's preview of the new for-pay,
copy-controlled service.
Napster hopes to relaunch in "early 2002."
 
There are two other mp3newswire.net stories worth a mention: their
"winners/losers for 2001" stories discusses how the major labels
wiped out most potential business competition in 2001, either through
legal action or by buying them out, both in file-downloading and in 
internet radio.  However, the labels' offerings seem to have no
appeal to consumers; mp3newswire.net projects that anything successful 
in the digital music field will have to be based
somewhere outside of the reach of the US legal system.

mp3newswire.net also reports that the file trading company KaZaa
is ignoring the Dutch court's order to shut down; that was as of 
late December and I have not seen any updates.


#6 of 219 by senna on Sun Jan 6 08:40:39 2002:

UBL should skip all this messy plane and anthrax business and just set up his
own pirate music-trading site.  


#7 of 219 by scott on Sun Jan 6 13:50:30 2002:

Re 3: I think we *do* do that here.  Or rather they *do* do it in the places
where they make the CD blanks and recorders that we use here.


#8 of 219 by ric on Mon Jan 7 03:19:42 2002:

Media and equipment do not make piracy.


#9 of 219 by bdh3 on Mon Jan 7 08:10:57 2002:

What is the best site to download bootleg videos in VCD format?


#10 of 219 by other on Mon Jan 7 16:36:21 2002:

re #8:  
Sony Corp. of Am. v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 464 U.S. 417 (1984) 
USSC.

Everyone in the content industry, including Sony, is now trying to forget 
this decision.  Hmm, I wonder why.


#11 of 219 by gull on Mon Jan 7 17:17:07 2002:

Re #7: That's very likely true of stand-alone audio CD burners and the 
corresponding "audio blanks".  These are the only legal way to copy a 
copyrighted audio CD for home use under the amended Digital Home 
Recording Act.  A copyrighted audio CD copied to a "data blank" is 
automatically an act of piracy regardless of what you do with it.


#12 of 219 by mcnally on Mon Jan 7 17:56:09 2002:

  re #11:  I've heard that claimed before but it's not at all clear to me
  that it's true.  Is there a court decision which clearly establishes this
  position or is it just the wishful thinking of the music industry?


#13 of 219 by krj on Mon Jan 7 19:52:46 2002:

My understanding of the AHRA is somewhat different than gull's in 
resp:11.  My recollection of the text is that consumers are 
"immunized from suit" for any copyright action involving the non-commercial
use of digital recorders using SCMS (serial copy management system)
and royalty-paid blank digital media.
 
But that is far from saying that any copying involving non-royalty-media
is an illegal infringement.  Orrin Hatch, who was a principal author
on most recent copyright legislation, and Hilary Rosen of the RIAA had
a vigorous dispute on the subject of what consumers could do with 
copies they had made; this is far from a settled issue.
 
Speaking of the AHRA: here's a news story where Rep. Rick Boucher questions
whether the CD copy-prevention schemes being tested by the music labels
are legal, under the AHRA compromise:
 
http://www.newsbytes.com/news/02/173429.html


#14 of 219 by gull on Mon Jan 7 19:57:10 2002:

I don't know if it's ever been tested in court.  krj seems to be right 
that it's just immunity from suit that's the issue.  Here's what the 
RIAA claims:

http://www.riaa.org/Copyright-Laws-4.cfm

--

The Audio Home Recording Act of 1992 (AHRA)

This 1992 legislation exempts consumers from lawsuits for copyright 
violations when they record music for private, noncommercial use; eases 
access to advanced digital audio recording technologies; provides for 
the payment of modest royalties to songwriters and recording artists 
and companies; and mandates the inclusion of serial copying management 
technology in all consumer digital audio recorders to limit multi-
generation audio copying (i.e., making copies of copies). 

In general, the AHRA covers devices that are designed or marketed for 
the primary purpose of making digital musical recordings. Digital audio 
cassette players, minidisc players, and DAT players are devices covered 
by the AHRA. This law will also apply to all future digital audio 
recording technologies, so Congress will not be forced to revisit the 
issue as each new product becomes available.

The AHRA provides that manufacturers (not consumers) of covered devices 
must: (1) register with the Copyright Office; (2) pay a statutory 
royalty on each device and piece of media sold; and (3) implement 
serial copyright management technology (such as SCMS) which prevents 
the production of copies of copies. In exchange for this, the 
manufacturers of the devices receive statutory immunity from 
infringement based on the use of those devices by consumers. To learn 
more about the administration of the royalties paid on recording 
devices and media, see the section on AARC.

Multipurpose devices, such as a general computer or a CD-ROM drive, are 
not covered by the AHRA. This means that they are not required to pay 
royalties or incorporate SCMS protections. It also means, however, that 
neither manufacturers of the devices, nor the consumers who use them, 
receive immunity from suit for copyright infringement.

--

Here's the relevent section of the U.S. code, since the link on that 
site seems to be broken:
http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/ch10.html

Realistically, given the number of lawyers and U.S. lawmakers the RIAA 
owns, if their interpretation isn't the law, it might as well be.


#15 of 219 by gull on Mon Jan 7 20:01:30 2002:

There's an article in today's Free Press about Pressplay and MusicNet.  

http://www.freep.com/entertainment/music/mnet7_20020107.htm

The basic conclusion is that the clumsiness and limitations of the 
services, and the fact that the record companies are withholding their 
best-selling material so as not to cut into CD sales, make them not 
really worth subscribing to.


#16 of 219 by krj on Tue Jan 8 22:26:34 2002:

I was looking for some clue as to how many people had signed up for 
the Pressplay and Musicnet services.  All I can find so far is a 
ZDnet story from late december, about a week after the new services
were launched.
 
http://news.zdnet.co.uk/story/0,,t269-s2101670,00.html

quote:
> The figures from Download.com support his observation. 
> Music fans are downloading rogue
> software that allows users to swap music files through 
> online services Kazaa, Morpheus Music
> City and Audiogalaxy, to name a few, at a clip of more 
> than three million per week. 

> In contrast, Real Network's RealOne media player -- 
> the software associated with MusicNet --
> was downloaded 7,506 times during the past week, 
> according to Download.com. 


#17 of 219 by aruba on Wed Jan 9 03:17:01 2002:

Could someone give me a rundown of the various sucessors to Napster in the
arena of free downloading?


#18 of 219 by gull on Wed Jan 9 15:29:26 2002:

Incidentally, a trojan was recently found in Kazaa, Grokster, and the 
Limewire Gnutella Client.  See: 
http://www.theregister.co.uk/content/4/23532.html


#19 of 219 by other on Wed Jan 9 15:50:47 2002:

Amazing!  They can deliver condoms by computer now?


#20 of 219 by krj on Thu Jan 10 17:22:24 2002:

Slashdot points to a good summary article at EE Times about 
the Consumer Electronics Show.  The hook is about plans to come up 
with some sort of system to stifle unauthorized video exchanges on 
the Internet, but the bulk of the article is more generally 
about: (Quote:)
 
> Indeed, a battlefield rife with enmity between systems makers and
> music, movie and video producers was perhaps one of the ugliest
> parts of the industry on display at CES. Multiple panel sessions
> expressed worries and lobbed barbs over frustrations stemming from a
> variety of standoffs retarding the development of digital media
> markets. 
>
> Among the many outstanding issues:  ...   ((see the links))

http//www.eet.com/story/OEG20020109S0062
http://slashdot.org/yro/02/01/09/2226244.shtml

Also, the dead-tree edition of USA Today has a preview of the new 
for-pay Napster service.  Napster thinks its chat and bbs functions 
will give it an edge.  Versions of the story probably available on
other online media.


#21 of 219 by krj on Thu Jan 10 18:11:28 2002:

Excellent long summary article by Mike Godwin, a lawyer long active in
Internet issues, on the war between the Content Industry and the 
Tech Industry, and how the Content Industry intends to force 
the dismantling of the general-purpose computer as we know it,
and the Internet as we know it, through Hollings' SSSCA bill.

The Tech Industry wants to empower "users", while the Content 
Industry plans to keep "consumers" as passive as possible.

http://cryptome.org/mpaa-v-net-mg.htm


#22 of 219 by gull on Fri Jan 11 20:05:26 2002:

Philips has declared that CD copy protection techniques violate the CD-
DA standard.  They note that they could refuse to license CDs that use 
them:

http://www.newscientist.com/news/news.jsp?id=ns99991783


#23 of 219 by krj on Fri Jan 11 21:09:42 2002:

Coinciding with the Consumer Electronics Show is the second 
Future of Music conference, brought to you by Jenny Toomey's Future  of
Music Coalition, which is weighted heavily towards indie artists.
Washington Post has a story about the conference, which is pretty quiet 
this year.  As at the CES, the dominant theme seems to be gridlock:
 
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A22972-2002Jan9.html

Quote:
> ...but after umpteen panels and dozens of aria-length questions 
> from the audience, the clearest lesson was this: The music industry 
> today looks a whole lot like the end of a John Woo movie.
>
> You know, the climactic moment when the heroes and villains -- maybe 
> three or four of them -- take out guns, point them at one another and 
> freeze, each waiting for a false move and an excuse to shoot. In the 
> decades before modems and PCs went mainstream, the business gradually 
> and painstakingly split the music pie down to the last half-penny. 
> Now everyone is paralyzed, horrified by the idea that this online 
> world will rearrange the portions and leave some people with less 
> than they had before. 
>
> Weapons are drawn. Lawyers have been retained. Nobody is budging.


 
The Post also offers a fairly critical view of the new for-pay services.
Nothing new here, though their writer does think that indie-rock fans may
find some appeal in the "rhapsody" service from listen.com:
 
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A22922-2002Jan9.html


#24 of 219 by polygon on Sun Jan 13 08:03:31 2002:

Letter to RIAA & IFPI heads from Congressman Rick Boucher - Jan. 4, 2002

http://www.dotcomscoop.com/article.php?sid=80

January 4, 2002

Ms. Hilary B. Rosen
President and Chief Executive Officer
Recording Industry Association of America
1330 Connecticut Avenue, N.W.
Suite 300
Washington, D.C. 20036

Mr. Jay Berman
Chairman and Chief Executive
IFPI
54 Regent Street
London W1B 5RE
United Kingdom

Dear Hilary and Jay:

According to many published reports, record labels have begun releasing
compact discs into the market which apparently have been designed to
limit the ability of consumers to play the discs or record on personal
computers and perhaps on other popular consumer products, such as DVD
players, video game consoles, and even some CD players, for traditional
fair-use purposes such as space shifting. I am particularly concerned
that some of these technologies may prevent or inhibit consumer home
recording using recorders and media covered by the Audio Home Recording
Act of 1992 (AHRA).

As you know from your personal involvement in its drafting, the AHRA
clearly requires content owners to code their material appropriately to
implement a basic compromise: in return for the receipt of royalties on
compliant recorders and media, copyright owners may not preclude
consumers from making a first-generation, digital-to-digital copy of an
album on a compliant device using royalty-paid media. Under the AHRA,
any deliberate change to a CD by a content owner that makes one
generation of digital recording from the CD on covered devices no longer
possible would appear to violate the content owner's obligations under
the statute.

To understand better the implications of this new technology for
consumers, I would appreciate your providing answers to the following
questions:

1. What methods have been used or are planned for use by your member
companies to alter CD content or ancillary encoding so as to constrain
functions of personal computers or other devices? Do these methods
involve the injection of intentional errors? Do these methods involve
compressed audio files separate from the CD-quality tracks?

2. Based upon your knowledge and upon any consumer contact received by
your member companies, have any discs entered the U.S. market that may
not be copied on a device or on media for which a royalty has been paid
under the AHRA?

3. What steps, if any, have your member companies taken to inform
consumers, retailers, or device manufacturers about the restrictions and
which of their discs have been or will be altered?

4. What steps, if any, have been taken by your member companies to
assure that the introduction of intentional errors as to encoded music,
or other technical means to block copying, will not detract from sound
quality or cause responses in equipment that could damage speakers?

5. Would you and your member companies support independent testing of
the effect on sound quality, on listening behavior, and on the
performance and operation of home networks, before these technologies
appear more widely in the U.S. market? Assuming you and your member
companies support such testing, are you prepared to provide assurances
that no assertion would be made that these tests and any peer review of
the tests would violate the Digital Millennium Copyright Act?

Given the recent announcements from some record companies that they
intend the broad introduction in 2002 of copy protected discs, I would
appreciate a prompt response to this inquiry.

Thanking you for your time and attention to this matter, I remain

Sincerely,

Rick Boucher
Member of Congress


#25 of 219 by krj on Mon Jan 14 19:23:53 2002:

A columnist for Billboard lectures the music biz on how it is ignoring
consumers:
 
http://www.billboard.com/billboard/musictomyears/index.jsp

Quotes:

> One hopes we all still wish to sell records.

and, somewhat confusing:

> Judging from the poor reaction to the clumsy new Web music 
> subscription services, the likelihood of fans opting to only "rent" 
> music they once owned/controlled in physical form is slim.
>
> As people inside and outside the industry are realizing, mere recorded 
> music is not that important or special to people unless those directly 
> involved can enhance both its real and perceived value. In the film 
> realm, DVD-Video has thus far managed but it needs to go farther. 
> The music world had better catch up quickly and dramatically between 
> now and next Christmas, because the public isn't interested in the 
> music industry's opinion of itself -- it's only interested in maximum 
> music choices with maximum ease and, yes, even greater post-digital 
> audio merit. And they won't be bullied into paying through the nose
> for a bad bargain.


#26 of 219 by other on Mon Jan 14 20:05:04 2002:

Confusing?  It sounds like an incitement to include more content (live 
the special features on DVDs) in order to justify the different pricing 
model and as a way to ease the annoyance of music buyers.


#27 of 219 by krj on Wed Jan 16 05:27:25 2002:

mp3newswire.net has a review of the new for-pay Napster written by 
one of its beta testers.
 
http://www.mp3newswire.net/stories/2002/paynapster.html


#28 of 219 by krj on Thu Jan 17 14:42:05 2002:

The New York Times has a story on "Napster culture" now moving on to 
downloading and trading TV shows and movies, as bandwidth and 
disk sizes increase.
 
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/17/technology/circuits/17VIDE.html
"Black Hawk Download: Pirated Videos Thrive Online"
 
The store includes a visit with an Internet video collector 
in Ann Arbor.  :)


#29 of 219 by krj on Thu Jan 17 22:55:17 2002:

Lots of stuff today...
 
KaZaa has stopped offering their filesharing client for download at 
http://www.kazaa.com.  This does not appear to affect the operation of 
clients already downloaded, though there are rumors that the KaZaa 
company may be able to shut off its clients operating on the FastTrack
network.  http://mp3newswire.net has more.  Also Cnet at:
http://news.cnet.com/news/0-1005-200-8513895.html?tag=mn_hd
 
-----
 
Another Cnet story reports on an attempt to get everyone to agree 
on a no-copy flag for the digitial TV bitstream.   Theoretically this
flag is to be turned into a standard, and then into hardware, in time
for the Federal deadline for all TV to be broadcast digitally in
May.  Um, right.

http://news.cnet.com/news/0-1005-200-8516912.html?tag=mn_hd

-----

Finally, Slashdot publicizes and rips to shreds a website put up by
Universal Music Group to try to explain and justify their CD-copy-
prevention scheme.  UMG CDs now contain a software license which appears
to forbid loaning the disc, and which certainly brings consumers under
crypto export controls.  Slashdot's story and rude comments are at
http://slashdot.org/articles/02/01/17/1335204.shtml

Universal's own site is at http://www.musichelponline.com




#30 of 219 by krj on Fri Jan 18 18:36:59 2002:

Somewhere back up there someone was looking for a roundup of current
file sharing stuff.  Slashdot today had a response pointing to 
http://www.afternapster.com   which reviews 101 such systems.
 
Also, I haven't got a link, but I've seen news stories about the 
Soundscan weekly sales charts, and they are still trending downwards.
One analyst in one story somewhere is projecting a 3% decline for 
the CD business in 2002.


#31 of 219 by aruba on Fri Jan 18 23:58:52 2002:

Thanks Ken.


#32 of 219 by gull on Mon Jan 21 14:01:59 2002:

http://www.theregister.co.uk/content/4/23736.html

Summary:  Philips is continuing to insist that CDs using the current 
copy protection schemes can't bear the official Compact Disc logo.  
(Though since the logo is usually inside, on the disc, this still might 
not provide a good way to identify them before buying.)  Philips' 
general manager has also said that the company will be building CD 
burners that can read and burn copies of the copy-protected CDs.  He 
argues this won't be illegal under the DMCA because the "copy-
protection" scheme isn't a protection system, it's a method of 
preventing the playback of music.

It should be a very interesting legal battle if they actually go 
through with this.


#33 of 219 by krj on Mon Jan 21 18:07:56 2002:

More on the classical music crash from andante.com:
 
http://www.andante.com/magazine/article.cfm?id=15643
 
From 1999 to 2001, the classical music CD business lost 20%
of its sales in the USA.   USA sales lag far below Europe;
classical is down to about 1.8% of the market in the US, but 
8% (and on an upward trend) in Britain, 7% in France (but trending
downwards from 10% earlier in the decade), 11% and rising in the 
Netherlands.
 
Harmonia Mundi, one of the classical independent label/distributors 
hit hard by financial troubles at Tower Records, has responded 
by slashing the number of CD titles they distribute in half.
To take the optimistic view, they should now be a stronger 
company.


#34 of 219 by other on Mon Jan 21 18:30:08 2002:

The CD logo often appears on the back of liner notes inserts or on the 
back of the CD package, but not consistently enough to be able to tell 
anything by it.

What does the logo signify?  Compliance with the red book encoding 
standard?


#35 of 219 by gull on Mon Jan 21 19:07:12 2002:

Specifically, it indicates the CD is licensed by Philips, which holds 
the CD-DA patents (at least for another year or two.)  I think 
complying with the red book standard is part of the rules for making a 
licensed CD.


#36 of 219 by tpryan on Mon Jan 21 23:29:23 2002:

re 33:  Must be all those classical fans downloading on the internet!


#37 of 219 by krj on Tue Jan 22 14:43:26 2002:

resp:29 ::  Slashdot collects/points to a bunch of stuff about Kazaa.
It appears the operation has been sold to a company in Australia which 
intends to charge for its use; however, there are also rumors that 
the company buying Kazaa can't be found in directories of Australian
firms.   The Kazaa file trading client is once again available for 
download, the articles say.
 
Weird.
 
http://slashdot.org/articles/02/01/21/1621223.shtml


#38 of 219 by krj on Wed Jan 23 04:38:33 2002:

mp3newswire.net assembles a coherent story about the Kazaa purchase,
though I'm still not sure I grasp what is going on.  Australia is 
developing a reputation as one of the least Internet-friendly
nations so it seems a poor choice to host a file-trading operation.
 
http://www.mp3newswire.net/stories/2002/kazaasold.html
 
-----
 
mp3.com/news points to a Houston Chronicle essay from early 
this month:

http://www.chron.com/cs/CDA/story.hts/tech/weekly/1208692

On the disconnect between consumers and the music business, 
heavily redacted:
 
> Here's the point that the music industry just can't seem to
> comprehend: Consumers will not flock to any pay service that
> constrains what they do with the music they download... 
> 
> The industry talks about "educating" consumers about intellectual
> property rights and the fact that artists and license holders need to
> be compensated for their work....
> 
> But consumers are also resistant to the notion that art is something
> they've "licensed," like software, even though legally that's the
> case. Instead, their mindset is this: "Hey, I paid for this music. It's
> mine now. If I want to save some songs to my hard drive, burn a
> compilation CD, listen to them in an MP3 player, I should be able
> to." 



#39 of 219 by mcnally on Wed Jan 23 05:10:58 2002:

  If only there was some sort of Pulitzer Prize for stating the obvious..


#40 of 219 by gull on Wed Jan 23 14:13:47 2002:

I think a lot of people feel that way about software, too.  I know to 
me it seems distinctly unfair that if I buy a machine with a pre-
installed copy of Windows, I can't later sell it with that same copy of 
Windows installed.


#41 of 219 by mcnally on Wed Jan 23 18:52:18 2002:

  an issue which is made only more confusing by the fact that if you
  buy a boxed copy of Windows, you *can* transfer the license with the
  machine.


#42 of 219 by krj on Thu Jan 24 15:58:18 2002:

Napster news, widely reported:  Trial court judge Marilyn Patel agreed
to a 30-day delay in issuing her ruling on the labels' request for a 
summary judgement against Napster.  It is believed the labels and Napster
are close to a settlement which would clear the way for the for-pay 
Napster model to open for business.


#43 of 219 by jmsaul on Thu Jan 24 17:44:39 2002:

(But won't get them customers.)


#44 of 219 by krj on Thu Jan 24 18:14:03 2002:

The NYTimes reports further:  the Register had some of this but 
frankly it sounded like wishful thinking in their article so I didn't
include it in the earlier response.
 
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/24/technology/ebusiness/24NAPS.html

> Several people close to the case said, 
> however, that the record companies' real
> motivation in asking for a suspension was 
> that Judge Patel had threatened to
> issue an order that would have hurt their 
> own case. Specifically, these people
> said, Judge Patel may have been planning 
> to look more closely at whether the
> labels had negotiated in good faith in 
> their licensing discussions with Napster.


#45 of 219 by krj on Fri Feb 1 19:18:30 2002:

resp:42 and subsequently :: lots of stories are breaking about the release
of the hearing transcripts from January 16 in the Napster case, and some 
of the press coverage is getting more and more breathless.  
I'll just cite this one, from the "Newsbytes" imprint of The Washington Post:
 
http://www.newsbytes.com/news/02/174154.html
"Napster Case: Is Judge Turning Tables on Labels?"
 
Quotes:   

>  A judge's decision allowing Napster to pursue copyright misuse claims
>  against major record labels seems to signal a sea change in the music
>  industry's lawsuit against the peer-to-peer song-swapping service,
>  according to a trio of legal experts. 
...

>  If she were to rule that labels have
>  misused their rights, one expert told
>  Newsbytes, at the extreme it could mean
>  the labels could not enforce their
>  copyrights. Such a decision, conceivably,
>  could kill the labels' case against Napster ...

>  The 10 pages of transcript following Patel's statement about copyright
>  misuse remain under seal by order of the judge, so any discussion that 
>  followed Patel's statement remains secret.  But what is present in the 
>  document was described by one lawyer as "a bombshell."

----------

IANAL, but I went Googling in search of the terms "copyright misuse."
This seems to be a fairly specific legal term specifying a defense
against copyright infringement, in a situation where the copyright holder
has used copyright licenses to enforce unfair or illegal trade practices.
The case law I found, from early 1990s, involved a software firm which forced
its customers to sign a 99-year non-compete agreement before it would license
the software to them.  It's unclear to me if a finding of "copyright misuse"
merely ends the litigation in question in favor of the accused infringer, or 
if it terminates the copyright.  
 
The Register (http://www.theregister.co.uk/content/6/23906.html) laments
that Napster seems to have neither the resources nor the inclination to pursue
this lead much farther, possibly leading to the smashing of the major record
companies.  I tend to agree; Napster is now controlled by Bertelsmann, one of
the  major music companies, and so it would not want to endanger the record
company  copyrights.  My guess is that Napster is likely to just use its
leverage to  wipe the slate clean on anything it might have owed on past
infringements, and to get the licenses it wants to launch the new for-pay
Napster.

However, an analyst in the Newsbytes piece points out that the copyright 
misuse issue will be lying around waiting for use by the other P2P file sharing
operations which the music industry either is suing, or plans to sue.


#46 of 219 by twill on Wed Feb 6 00:03:54 2002:

Hi, I'm Twill!


#47 of 219 by krj on Tue Feb 12 04:14:56 2002:

Here's an odd story.  CD sales went down globally in 2001, but in the 
UK and France they are up.  UK sales up 5%, French sales up 12%.
Go figure.
 
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/entertainment/music/newsid_1814000/1814160
.stm


#48 of 219 by krj on Mon Feb 18 23:09:58 2002:

Wired pointed to this think piece from MIT's Technology Review:
 
http://www.techreview.com/articles/shulman0302.asp
on "Intellectual Property Ecology."
 
The argument is that the current shifts towards giving all rights to the 
IP owners and none to the public is likely to have bad effects on 
future creativity.   Those clashing against the current trends are 
starting to apply an ecological metaphor in their organizing attempts.


#49 of 219 by mcnally on Mon Feb 18 23:41:56 2002:

  And we all know how successful ecologists have been at influencing 
  public policy..


#50 of 219 by jmsaul on Tue Feb 19 00:11:39 2002:

From context, that's obviously intended as sarcasm, but ecologists actually
*have* influenced public policy in the US and Europe a hell of a lot in the
last 30-some years.


#51 of 219 by mcnally on Tue Feb 19 01:03:19 2002:

  I know..  But I'm not particuarly hopeful for the effort Ken alludes to.
  I'd argue that ecologists have largely been successful because they've
  managed to convince a large enough segment of the populace, not because
  they've influenced legislators directly.  However, it's a complicated
  issue and I have no desire to hijack the Napster item..


#52 of 219 by jmsaul on Tue Feb 19 02:57:03 2002:

Agreed on both counts.


#53 of 219 by mcnally on Tue Feb 19 07:59:22 2002:

  Returning to Napsterish news..  An article in today's New York Times
  http://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/18/technology/18SONG.html blasts the
  music labels' official subscription download plans for not fairly
  compensating artists.  According to the article, subscription plans such
  as PressPlay and MusicNet, which have been pushed by the music industry
  as a way to make sure that artists are fairly compensated for their work,
  apparently improve upon Napster's $0.0000/download by offering artists
  a whopping $0.0023/download..  So if you're paying PressPlay $19.99/month
  for their "Gold Plan" service, which allows up to 75 downloaded songs,
  as much as $0.1725 of that $20 *may* be going directly to the artists. 
  Care to guess where the rest goes?

  Anyway, artists are predictably up in arms about the compensation and
  several have demanded that their work be withdrawn from the subscription
  services.

  Favorite bits from the article:

  (1)    "Representatives of the five major record labels would not talk on
          the record about the payment system or their rights to use the
          music. But in comments not for attribution, several executives
          at labels and their subscription services did not dispute the
          accusations regarding the payment plan. They said their first
          priority was to make the services attractive to consumers and
          that the details of compensation could be worked out afterward."

       Oh yeah..  I'm sure the record labels can be trusted to work out
       equitable compensation arrangements "afterward."

  (2)  Quote regarding a statement from Rand Hoffman, head of business
       operations for several labels on Universal:
       
         "[Hoffman] added that it was 'beyond logic' that artists would
          choose to leave their music off Pressplay and 'effectively
          encourage the use of illegal services.'"

       Gosh yeah.  Everyone hates getting screwed over *illegally*.
       Having it happen legally is no doubt much better..


#54 of 219 by krj on Tue Feb 19 21:37:42 2002:

Thanks, Mike, I'd missed this story.  It's putting a big smile on my 
face, it is...  Some of my favorite bits:
 
There's a long-ish discussion of the differences between licensing 
arrangement and royalty arrangements; artists get less money in a 
royalty arrangement, and of course that's what the labels have 
chosen to use here, and it's defensible.  But then:  "But, out of that, 
35 to 45 percent is deducted for standard CD expenses like packaging
and promotional copies -- expenses that obviously don't exist in 
the online world."    Yup, the labels are billing the artists for 
CD packaging costs for songs delivered online.
 
And...   "For many acts, suddenly there appears to be little difference
between the illicit file-sharing system and record-label services.
The arguments the labels are using, said Jill Berliner, a leading music
lawyer, are exactly the ones Napster made.  'And, from our perspective,
if the technology is going to be out there and the artist isn't
really going to make money, we'd prefer that our fans just get it for 
free,' she said."


#55 of 219 by krj on Wed Feb 20 00:04:35 2002:

The US Supreme Court has agreed to hear a challenge to the Sonny Bono 
Copyright Extension Act, which extended all copyrights for another 20 
years, and which put quite a few public domain works back under 
copyright.  The NY Times story is at:
 
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/19/national/19CND-RIGHTS.html

Slashdot points to a legal-oriented site backing the challenge to 
the law:
 
http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvreno/
 
At the risk of oversimplifying, the argument is that Congress is going 
against the clear language of the Constitution's copyright clause, which
calls for copyrights to have limited terms, when it continually lengthens
the terms of copyright.


#56 of 219 by jmsaul on Wed Feb 20 04:12:45 2002:

And it's a solid argument.  Dunno whether it can beat the Mouse and his deep
pockets, but it should in an ideal world.


#57 of 219 by mdw on Wed Feb 20 12:26:57 2002:

CNN headline news said the surpreme court case involved extending
copyright to 70 years past the death of the author.  I suppose if the
current copyright were 50 years, that would fit with #55.


#58 of 219 by jmsaul on Wed Feb 20 18:40:49 2002:

It was 50 before the Bono Act, which became law several years ago.  Oddly
enough, the Act was passed a few years before the earliest Mickey Mouse
cartoons were due to come out of copyright.

It is widely believed that a similar act will be proposed in another 15 years,
and that Mickey -- along with every other work that age or newer -- will never
be allowed to fall out of copyright.  Hopefully, this court challenge will
short circuit that.

In addition to the fact that the Constitution calls for limited terms, it also
states pretty clearly that the purpose of copyright is for the public good,
not for the good of copyright owners.  The clear intent was to give a short-
term monopoly in order to encourage people to create works, which would
benefit the public.  It was warped almost beyond recognition even before the
Bono Act, and now it's ridiculous.  (For one thing, extending the term on
existing copyrights didn't encourage the production of any works, because
those works already existed.)


#59 of 219 by brighn on Wed Feb 20 18:58:17 2002:

The good of the copyright owners IS the public good, since they are members
of the public. It is not in the good of the copyright holders that they should
hold copyright for decades after they DIE. 


#60 of 219 by jazz on Wed Feb 20 19:13:58 2002:

        It's not in the good of the largest number of people, either;  it's
a method of consolodating and ensuring wealth, and that is against the public
interest when in excess.


#61 of 219 by brighn on Wed Feb 20 20:01:29 2002:

The phrase "greatest good for the greatest number" also causes me to get Pig's
"Blades" stuck in my head. (Side comment)


#62 of 219 by jmsaul on Wed Feb 20 21:41:04 2002:

Re #59:  It is to some extent, because that allows them to provide for their
         children with the proceeds from their intellectual property.


#63 of 219 by brighn on Wed Feb 20 21:56:35 2002:

#62> Their children didn't create the works, they did. If they want their
children to benefit, they should set up trust funds for the money they earned
while they were alive.


#64 of 219 by jmsaul on Wed Feb 20 22:08:40 2002:

I'm just telling you what the justification is.


#65 of 219 by mcnally on Wed Feb 20 22:16:27 2002:

  I think on this particular issue I'm one of those conspiracy theorists
  who believe it's all about the Mouse.  Disney will use every trick in
  the book (and, if necessary, write a new book) to make sure that no
  Disney-owned character ever passes into the public domain.  Movie and
  music studios have similar goals.  Arrayed against these titans are a
  handful of archivists and librarians.  As much as I hate to say it,
  the smart money is on the Mouse.


#66 of 219 by brighn on Wed Feb 20 22:47:28 2002:

#64> I know. I even understand adding a certain amount of time after death,
to cover surviving spouses. But I think that when it gets into kids, then
grandkids, that's just getting silly. 


#67 of 219 by krj on Wed Feb 20 23:50:29 2002:

While I understand that "the smart money is on the Mouse," I wonder how 
much the Disney deep pockets matter, now that the Supreme Court 
has agreed to hear the case?  


#68 of 219 by scott on Wed Feb 20 23:55:48 2002:

No matter how long the copyrights get extended, Mark Twain is still not going
to come back from the dead and write more books.


#69 of 219 by jmsaul on Thu Feb 21 00:04:13 2002:

Re #66:  These days, the real problem is that IP is owned by corporations.


#70 of 219 by krj on Thu Feb 21 01:21:28 2002:

Seems like much of the DMCA action has now moved away from music and
into game consoles and software.  Slashdot carried this story from about 
a week ago:
    http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=02/02/14/1745238&mode=thread
in which the original author
    http://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~mcmillen/dmca/
reported having a serial cable (designed to connect a Sega Dreamcast 
machine to a PC) seized by US Customs, citing the DMCA.  
The cable is needed if one is to develop anything for the Dreamcast
on one's PC and upload it to the game console; theoretically this is 
still a legal activity.

A followup Wired story indicated that Customs seems to be after all 
shipments from this particular Asian vendor, Lik-Seng, in an effort to 
stop the importation of modification chips for the Playstation.
It's not totally clear to me, but it looks like region coding is now
being elevated to the level of a copyright-protecting encryption.


#71 of 219 by mcnally on Thu Feb 21 01:53:33 2002:

  The Dreamcast development cable thing seems to have been mostly due
  to a problem with insufficient granularity at customs -- customs was
  seizing all incoming merchandise from a vendor rather than just the
  items which were alleged to be in violation of the DMCA.


#72 of 219 by mdw on Thu Feb 21 04:32:05 2002:

I don't think the copyright extensions have much to do with the
interests of authors or their families.  I think most of it has to do
with the interests of various big corporations.  Increasingly, most of
the real money in the creative business is not in properties owned by a
single person, but in properties owned and controlled by big
corporations.  This is certainly true of Mickey, it's also true of most
other movies, most TV series and characters, most computer software...
Even in the case of a creative property owned & controlled by a single
person up until their death, I question whether it's really fair that
their great grand children, who probably never even knew "the master",
should still have a financial monopoly on the work 70 years later.


#73 of 219 by jmsaul on Thu Feb 21 13:07:53 2002:

I don't think so; I think 70 years is way too long.


#74 of 219 by krj on Thu Feb 21 17:13:15 2002:

Slashdot again:  The copyright office has come out with its proposals for 
royalty payments for webcasting.   As expected, the arrangements seem designed
to crush small webcasters.  Royalty payments for pure webcasters are set 
at twice the rate for a web stream of an over-the-air broadcast,
despite there being little to no advertising revenue in the webcasting
business right now.

Webcasters are also to log and report information about every single
listener to their service.
 
http://slashdot.org/articles/02/02/20/2351222.shtml?tid=141
 
also links to two journals at:

http://www.kurthanson.com/index.asp
                  (Radio and Internet Newsletter)
http://www.radiohorizon.com/index.php3?fcn=displayarticle&id=2424


#75 of 219 by jazz on Thu Feb 21 17:15:13 2002:

        Oh, now that's cute.

        That may just drive the technology underground, like digitized music
sharing.


#76 of 219 by krj on Thu Feb 21 17:59:53 2002:

Time offers the best piece I've seen yet on movies88.com, which claims 
to be offering streaming movies for $1 from the sanctuary of a giant
loophole in Taiwan's copyright laws.  A sidebar includes an interview
with the shadowy owner of the site, who seems to have poured thousands or 
millions of dollars into the project with little likelihood of profit.
 
http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,203474,00.html
"Beyond Hollywood's Reach"


#77 of 219 by krj on Thu Feb 21 18:17:06 2002:

resp:42 ::  The one-month time-out did not produce a settlement; Napster
and the recording industry go back into court.   Judge "Patel will 
likely move ahead" with orders opening up the issues of"copyright misuse"
on the part of the labels, and also testing the validity of the labels'
ownership rights.
 
http://news.com.com/2100-1023-840756.html      (from Cnet)
 
From another article, the opinion was expressed that four of the five 
labels (excluding Bertelsmann, who control Napster) don't want a settlement;
they need a clear legal victory as precedent for future battles against
the next generation of file sharing services.  The vaguely remembered 
quote was that the labels need a precedent so they can shut down 
future opponents in 30 hours rather than three years.


#78 of 219 by slynne on Thu Feb 21 18:26:59 2002:

Man, I just "happy birthday" to pass into the public domain. ;)


#79 of 219 by mcnally on Fri Feb 22 00:16:50 2002:

  Salon offers a decent interview with the plaintiffs in the upcoming
  Supreme Court copyright expiration case:

     http://www.salon.com/tech/feature/2002/02/21/web_copyright/print.html


#80 of 219 by jaklumen on Sun Feb 24 00:35:08 2002:

resp:78  no no no no.. I do not even want anyone doing a cover of the 
tune that once was "Good Morning To You."  It's great when people pick 
alternate birthday songs when paying royalties is not desirable.  
Perhaps it is true that more people will come up with birthday songs 
once that all-too-familiar and often ill-sung (intentionally) ditty is 
public domain, but.. really.

Anyone interested in an item listing all the songs about birthdays 
that do not include "Happy Birthday"?  I somewhat think tpryan would 
have a handful of suggestions..


#81 of 219 by krj on Wed Feb 27 04:04:50 2002:

Some words from the copyright industry.  
 
In the Washington Post, Jack Valenti of the movie trade group MPAA
lays out his case for prohibiting computers which can copy files,
though he doesn't mention the SSSCA by name.  
      http://www.newsbytes.com/news/02/174745.html
 
The RIAA issues its own press release on 2001 cd sales.  Their numbers 
don't tally precisely with Soundscan, possibly because the RIAA 
includes "club" sales.  But the basic outlook is the same.
 
The RIAA says it has a survey indicating that 23% of their customers bought
less music because they were downloading or making homemade CDs.
 
Units of recorded music shipped                     -10.3%
dollar value of those discs                          -4.1%
 
full-length CDs units shipped                        -6.4%
 
In analog formats, cassette sales fell 40%.  LP sales, however, increased.  :)

http://www.riaa.org


#82 of 219 by krj on Wed Feb 27 15:28:19 2002:

An entertaining Slashdot rant on the RIAA press release:
  http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=02/02/27/0213252
"RIAA Almost Down to Pre-Napster Revenues"

"Napster came out in 1999, and the Recording Industry Association
of America had two great revenue statements for that year and the next."

However, when Napster was crippled, CD sales fell.  
Causality would be very difficult to establish.
As was reported by the LA Times and logged earlier in one of these 
items, CD sales stopped rising and started to fall the very week 
Napster was forced to begin filtering.
(Slashdot links to an SFgate story with the same theme:
  http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2001/08
/05/PK220163.DTL     )

A number of followup writers mention that in most industries, falling 
sales generally lead to lower prices.  That hasn't happened yet in 
the CD business, despite promising news stories at the end of 2000
that the sales slump would certainly lead to lower prices.
 
Instead, the recording industry is behaving as if it is a regulated
public utility, guaranteed a return on investment no matter what its 
costs are.


#83 of 219 by jazz on Wed Feb 27 16:51:35 2002:

        ... and no matter what shape the economy's in.


#84 of 219 by other on Wed Feb 27 17:42:51 2002:

Good.  If they go bankrupt, then they can (and will) be replaced by 
larger numbers of smaller labels who lack the might to force their profit 
enforcement down our throats.


#85 of 219 by other on Wed Feb 27 17:44:48 2002:

(I speak as someone who does not buy CDs except directly from the artists 
-- with very rare exception -- and who actually might buy them if their 
pricing was reasonable.)


#86 of 219 by anderyn on Wed Feb 27 18:32:58 2002:

This response has been erased.



#87 of 219 by krj on Wed Feb 27 19:05:41 2002:

A number of sources report that Senator Hollings opens hearing on the 
SSSCA proposal, which would criminalize the further production of 
every computer ever made to date, on Thursday.  The Valenti piece in the 
Washington Post (resp:81) is apparently a warmup pitch.


#88 of 219 by other on Wed Feb 27 19:47:05 2002:

I imagine the tech industry will put up a fight on this one.  If it goes
though, I wouldn't be opposed to calling for a general strike.


#89 of 219 by jazz on Wed Feb 27 19:56:56 2002:

        The proposal isn't viable.  There's just no way to make it work with
something truly programmable, and even if it becomes a severe felony to
manufacture software to bypass copy protection, it won't affect Europe and
Asia's manufacture.


#90 of 219 by mdw on Thu Feb 28 08:22:29 2002:

Oh, it's viable.  It would leave the US a 3rd world country though.


#91 of 219 by krj on Fri Mar 1 18:16:41 2002:

News reports are flying everywhere about Sen. Hollings' hearings 
on the SSSCA proposal.  Essentially it was arranged to be a lynching of 
the Intel executive, who was the only tech industry representative 
there; contrary to what was reported to be the usual protocol, the 
witnesses from the copyright industry were allowed plenty of scope to 
attack the witness from Intel.  Democratic senators are lined up 
solidly with the copyright industry.  
 
Slashdot's story has links which cover most of the ground.
     http://slashdot.org/articles/02/03/01/1423248.shtml?tid=103
 
The CBS Marketwatch coverage stressed Sen. Hollings' insistance 
that the proposal to disable copying in all PCs *will* be implemented.

http://cbs.marketwatch.com/news/story.asp?guid=%7BCC92A3EB%2DB59F%2D41F6%2D
840C%2D4D224E765A2E%7D&siteid=mktw

A discouraging mailing list item written by Mike Godwin, who was 
at the hearing:
     http://www.interesting-people.org/archives/interesting-people/200202/msg00273.html

> I was in the hearing room, and I thought Vadasz's testimony made
> important points. But the senators were not terribly receptive to his
> arguments, and in fact came close to (effectively) ordering the IT
> industry simply to comply with Hollywood's demands (or else they'd be
> forced to by legislation). It was clear to me and to other
> technically knowledgeable people in the room that neither the
> senators nor most of the copyright-company witnesses grasped the
> scope of what Disney's Eisner and others were asking for.

> The IT community has a formidable task ahead of it when it comes to
> educating policymakers about the problems and costs of proposals like
> the one Senator Hollings floated prior to this hearing. Because a
> central goal of Hollywood's lobbying effort this time is to prevent
> unencrypted and unwatermarked content from being circulated on the
> Net, and the only kinds of measures that could do this require
> top-to-bottom rearchitecting of every aspect of the digital world.
> This rearchitecting would, among other things, require first the
> labelling of all coprighted content and secondly a redesign of all
> digital tools (from PCs to OSs to routers to everything else) to look
> for the labels and permit or deny copying accordingly. But few
> speakers at the hearing seemed to be aware of this.



#92 of 219 by jazz on Fri Mar 1 18:19:31 2002:

        s/democrat/moderate conservative
        s/republican/conservative

        "And the left wing's been broken long ago,
         By a sling named cointelpro."

                -Ani DiFranco


#93 of 219 by dbunker on Fri Mar 1 20:54:40 2002:

Well, folks, it sounds like it's time to put your money where your mouths are.
Here's Hollings number: 202-224-6121. I just spent about 15 minutes talking
to his staff and the staff of the committee. I made it clear how I felt,
including not trying to hide the anger in my voice. And I promised to
contribute to his Republican opponent's campaign if he doesn't step back and
reevaluate the deep flaws in his approach. I also told them my prefered
solution would be a tax on all digital storage media similar to the blank tape
tax. If you have your own alternatives, it would be far better to mention them
to his staff than here.


#94 of 219 by krj on Fri Mar 1 21:03:56 2002:

On the Hollings proposal, Republican Senators were the ones speaking
up to suggest that a Federal law was not the way to proceed here.
 
However, the corporate/government consensus has settled on the Stalinist
position that the people should not have access to copying machines.
Intel and other tech companies argue only that they will fix the 
problem for Hollywood, and they don't want the government mandating 
a klunky solution.


#95 of 219 by krj on Sat Mar 2 00:22:13 2002:

Odd things happening over in Morpheus/Kazaa land...  the following is 
pieced together from stories from Cnet, Slashdot, Infoanarchy, and 
probably a few other places, plus the musiccity.com and kazaa.com 
sites.
 
To start things off, I need to lay out a diagram:

        Morpheus/MusicCity                   KaZaa
               |                               |
               ----------Fast Track Network-----

Morpheus and Kazaa are the user clients, and they interoperate
using the FastTrack network to share files.   Kazaa and FastTrack
had common ownership.

Kazaa (which was recently sold to new owners, possibly in Australia,
while under orders from a court in the Netherlands to shut down)
took its users through a software upgrade a few weeks ago.  
Early this week, it appears that the KaZaa/FastTrack group 
decided to wipe out Morpheus and grab its user base.
All of a sudden all Morpheus users received a message that they 
could not connect to the network any more.  

   (This will be most interesting to the court currently hearing
    the suit by the RIAA against MusicCity, the company supplying
    the Morpheus software, because in their filings, and in the 
    argument the EFF just filed, it was asserted that the network
    design was such that it could not be shut down.  
    Yet that has now plainly been done.   It seems likely that 
    the Morpheus group had no idea this could be done to them; 
    they were just licensees of the Fast Track protocol.)

Reportedly MusicCity is going to abandon FastTrack (probably they 
have no choice) and rush out a Gnutella-based client.  
Meanwhile, Kazaa.com has a big welcome mat rolled out for former
Morpheus/MusicCity users.  Infoanarchy.org reports that the new
version of KaZaa is loaded with spyware.

Hopefully I haven't mangled things too badly.  It took several days 
for a coherent picture to emerge.  There is still no news on the 
reaction of the Dutch court to KaZaa having fled its jurisdiction.


#96 of 219 by ea on Sat Mar 2 05:55:13 2002:

Morpheus' website says that the new client will be available in 2 hours. 
 However, that same message was up 5 hours earlier.  They also seem to 
be implying that Kazaa sabatoged Morpheus users, so as to force them to 
install Kazaa (and it's acompanying spyware)


#97 of 219 by gull on Mon Mar 4 20:23:54 2002:

http://www.theregus.com/content/54/24195.html

Senator brutalizes Intel rep for resisting CPRM
By Thomas C Greene in Washington
Posted: 03/01/2002 at 09:45 EST


Entertainment industry lapdog Senator Fritz Hollings (Democrat, South 
Carolina) lashed out at Intel executive VP Leslie Vadasz who warned 
that the copy-protected PCs Hollings is obediantly promoting on behalf 
of his MPAA and RIAA handlers would stifle growth in the marketplace. 

"We do not need to neuter the personal computer to be nothing more than 
a videocassette recorder," Vadasz said in testimony before the Senate 
Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation Thursday. 

An obedient Hollings tore into the witness, calling his 
testimony "nonsense". 

"Now where do you get all this nonsense about how we're going to have 
irreparable damage?" Hollings demanded. "We don't want to legislate. We 
want to give you time to develop technology." 

The "we" he mentions, it's quite obvious, refers to the entertainment 
industry flacks and lobbyists who wrote Hollings' pet bill, the 
Security Systems Standards and Certification Act (SSSCA), which would 
require hard drives to fail to load 'insecure' applications, and 
perhaps even operating systems at some point in future. Tinkering with 
one's own personal property to defeat this Orwellian innovation would 
be criminally punishable. 

This is of course the entertainment industry's dream, as it seeks to 
hobble all equipment so that it can determine when, where and how its 
content can be enjoyed by consumers. Copying any content from one 
medium to another could be blocked on the pretext of piracy prevention, 
so it's entirely possible that one would have to purchase two CDs with 
the same content -- one for the computer and one for the stereo, say. 
It's this sort of extortion the industry has relentlessly lobbied 
Congress to enshrine in law. 

Defeating piracy is the pretext; but obliterating the consumer's right 
to fair use is the true goal. But because Congress can't quite bring 
itself to eliminate fair use directly and up-front, a series of laws 
like the DMCA and SSSCA have been devised to eliminate it practically, 
or 'incidentally'. 

Naturally, the hardware industry is going to resist any law which 
forces it to break its products. It understands that consumers will be 
disappointed by equipment which fails to let them enjoy content which 
they've purchased. They see a slump in sales in the SSSCA. And they're 
probably right. 

The hearing was a typical Congressional dog-and-pony show designed to 
stroke Hollywood fat cats like Michael Eisner and Jack Valenti pursuing 
the Holy Grail of pay-per-use technology. No critics were invited to 
speak, and no harsh criticism was expected. 

So when Intel's Vadasz showed the spine to blast the entertainment 
industry's pet scheme, he had to be beaten down, and Hollings was of 
course eager to please his masters. 

Eisner and Valenti also testified, exhibiting their profound ignorance 
of technology and their sneering contempt for the rights of consumers, 
under Hollings' admiring gaze. Hollings, apparently, is an 'honest 
politician' according to Brendan Behan's formula: when he's bought, he 
stays bought. 

Hollings has also adopted the industry's basic stance, that copying is 
primarily about piracy and only rarely about honest fair use, at one 
point calling the Internet "a haven for thievery." But the best 
expression of this comes from Recording Industry Ass. of America 
President Hillary Rosen, who wrote yesterday that, "surely, no one can 
expect copyright owners to ignore what is happening in the marketplace 
and fail to protect their creative works because some people engage in 
copying just for their personal use." 

The 'some people' says it all. Most people are criminals, and only a 
tiny minority are honest and decent, Rosen assumes. This is also the 
official perspective of Hollywood -- of Eisner, and Valenti, and 
Hollings. It is a perspective natural to a certain class of person. 
Consider that we all imagine others to be more or less like ourselves. 
Decent people expect others to be decent, just like themselves. 
Criminals expect others to be criminals, just like themselves. When 
Eisner and Rosen and Valenti and Hollings see a world populated by 
cheats and frauds and freeloading scum, what does that say about them?


#98 of 219 by tpryan on Tue Mar 5 01:13:22 2002:

        This would also shut down the home studio, wouldn't it?
Also making it harder for non-big company artists to take money
away from the big company market.
        There is a lot that a home musician can now do on their
home PC, without expensive studio time.


#99 of 219 by gull on Tue Mar 5 18:46:16 2002:

Excerpt from http://www.wired.com/news/politics/0,1283,50797,00.html

SAN JOSE -- The Russian company that created software to circumvent 
Adobe's e-book format argued on Monday that its conduct -- which caused 
the arrest and detainment of programmer Dmitri Sklyarov in a high-
profile case last summer -- was not illegal. 

Elcomsoft, the Moscow-based software firm, claimed that because it 
offered the encryption-breaking software on the Internet, the company 
was not subject to U.S. copyright law. 

Joseph Burton, Elcomsoft's attorney, told U.S. District Judge Ronald 
Whyte that Elcomsoft's actions "occurred in Russia or on the Internet, 
and we take the position that the Internet is a place" outside of U.S. 
jurisdiction. 

Burton said the company was not specifically "targeting" the software 
to Americans, but that the software was instead available to anyone on 
the Internet, regardless of residence. 

But Assistant U.S. Attorney Scott Frewing dismissed those claims, 
arguing that the Internet is a "physical presence" made up of many 
computers in America, and that "the U.S. has every right to stop 
contraband" on those machines. 

He added that Elcomsoft maintained a Web server in Chicago, that it 
hired a U.S. billing service, that it made no effort to prevent 
Americans from accessing its site, and that it sent e-mail messages to 
customers it knew were Americans. 

After the 40 minutes of arguments, Judge Whyte issued no immediate 
decision, and both sides said that they could not predict when a 
decision would come. 

---

Sounds like a pretty weak argument to me, but of course in legal 
defenses a lot of times you just throw things at the wall and see what 
sticks.


#100 of 219 by jmsaul on Tue Mar 5 19:30:36 2002:

If they didn't have a server here, and weren't working with a US billing
service, they'd have a point.


#101 of 219 by hash on Wed Mar 6 03:55:20 2002:

the ebook encryption was ROT13, right?  thats some funny shit.
you can run !rot13 on grex and break ebook encryption.


#102 of 219 by jmsaul on Wed Mar 6 06:31:16 2002:

It wasn't really, was it?


#103 of 219 by gull on Wed Mar 6 13:50:09 2002:

I don't think it was actually ROT13, but it was apparently nearly as 
simple.  I haven't seen it actually explained (presumably that'd be 
illegal) but from some of the comments I've seen I suspect it may have 
been just a substitution cipher.  Hey, if the law says no one can try 
to break your code, why bother making it strong?


#104 of 219 by krj on Mon Mar 11 15:37:54 2002:

Slashdot keys off a Los Angeles Times story: both webcasters and the record
industry are appealing the proposed royalty rates for Internet webcasts
set by the copyright office, which are mentioned somewhere above.

Quoting from Slashdot:
           It should surprise no one that the Webcasters feel
           that the proposed royalties are absurdly high, while the record
           companies wants them to be higher -- at levels set in independent
           deals negotiated between the RIAA and a couple of dozen
           companies. The fact that many of the companies that made these
           independent deals with the RIAA couldn't make enough money to
           both pay the royalties and stay in business doesn't seem to worry
           the record companies much.

(Companines which didn't want to wait for the copyright office ruling 
on royalties were free to negotiate their own deals with the record 
companies.)

Most Slashdot commentators agree with me that the record companies are 
demonstrating that they intend to control webcasting.  It doesn't 
matter how high the fees are set, if the record companies are just
paying themselves for their own webcast operations.

http://slashdot.org/articles/02/03/10/0150210.shtml?tid=141


#105 of 219 by krj on Mon Mar 11 15:45:56 2002:

Newsweek offers an entertaining rant on the overall state of the 
music industry:  "Looking Grim at the Grammys"
 
http://www.msnbc.com/news/718662.asp?cp1=1

The artistic state of popular music is described as "an esthetic 
national emergency."  :)
 
We haven't really touched on the Grammy speech by Michael Greene, 
chairman of the NARAS, the group which gives out the Grammy awards.


#106 of 219 by remmers on Mon Mar 11 17:35:28 2002:

WHat's pertinent about the speech?


#107 of 219 by krj on Tue Mar 12 07:00:03 2002:

Michael Greene, the chairman of the National Association of 
Recording Arts & Sciences, used his Grammy Awards 
speech to launch an attack on the 
downloading of music, referring to "this World Wide Web of 
theft and indifference."   He urged people to "support our artistic
community by only downloading your music from legal web sites.
That will ensure that our artists reach even higher and, deservedly,
get paid for their inspired work."

(Of course the legal music download systems have met with near-total
consumer rejection and unanimously hostile reviews, and they don't 
pay the artists significantly more than KaZaa...)

The text of his speech is at:  http://grammy.aol.com/features/speech.html

Most reaction to the speech was deeply negative.  To paraphrase 
one analyst, the industry is in a pretty bad position when it believes
it has to lecture its customers.  One overview piece came from 
The Washington Post "Newsbytes" imprint:

http://www.newsbytes.com/news/02/174868.html
"Music Fans Hear Grammys Night Anti-Piracy Screed"
 
Or, as the title of Steven Levy's essay ran:  "The Customer Is Always Wrong."


#108 of 219 by jaklumen on Tue Mar 12 10:34:22 2002:

Well, and then there's the issue of spyware and adware on 
the 'illegal' sites..


#109 of 219 by brighn on Tue Mar 12 14:52:42 2002:

#107> The industry wasn't lecturing its customers. It was lecturing its
shoplifters.


#110 of 219 by mcnally on Tue Mar 12 17:38:43 2002:

  Actually, it was lecturing its customers and assuming they're all
  "shoplifters" (a term you continue to use despite its inapplicability
  to digital copying.)


#111 of 219 by brighn on Tue Mar 12 18:00:48 2002:

#110> Not at all. If I were not a shoplifter (a term I continue to use because
of its applicability to illegally taking something which you do not have the
right to take), I would not assume the comments applied to me.
 
(Note on parenthetical: See, I too am capable of stating opinion as if it were
fact. But here IS a fact: You have an opinion and I have an opinion, and they
differ. No matter how strongly you state it, Mike, your stating your opinion
won't make it fact.)


#112 of 219 by gull on Tue Mar 12 21:32:27 2002:

I refuse to use the legal downloading services because of the 
ridiculously tiny royalties they give to artists.  (Of course, I don't 
use the illegal ones either.)

I do find it interesting that, with sales declining for months now, the 
retail prices of CDs have not gone down.  Smells like price fixing to 
me...


#113 of 219 by brighn on Tue Mar 12 21:51:13 2002:

Definitely price fixing. I make no claims, and never have, that the RIAA and
its associates are moral.


#114 of 219 by jazz on Tue Mar 12 23:35:50 2002:

        It'd be nice if there was a technology that allowed for independent
companies or inividuals to copy protect (and therefore sell) their music. 
It'd be the death of the RIAA, though.


#115 of 219 by anderyn on Wed Mar 13 01:15:01 2002:

This response has been erased.



#116 of 219 by flem on Wed Mar 13 19:31:40 2002:

I've been trying pretty hard not to buy new CDs for a while.  It's hard,
though; the used market just doesn't cut it for some of my tastes.  


#117 of 219 by russ on Thu Mar 14 00:40:18 2002:

Re #110:  But huge numbers of people are NOT shoplifting.  They
are using the Internet as a labor-saving device, a radio station,
or a sampling service.  When Napster was a going concern, people
bought MORE music.  Now that they cannot find new things or
sample ones they've heard about to see if they like them (or at
least not with the former ease), they are buying less.  People
downloading music they already own are just substituting connect
time for their own time.

Greene's speech at the Grammys specifically addressed Apple's "Rip,
Mix, Burn" ads as "promoting piracy".  That's WRONG.  Burning your
own mix CDs is FAIR USE.  You have EVERY RIGHT to make mix CDs,
backups of CDs, and other copies of music you own for your own use,
just like cassette tapes.  The language used by the RIAA is over
the top, contemptible, and deserves nothing but scorn.

And I'm astonished to see you buying their party line, Paul.


#118 of 219 by jaklumen on Thu Mar 14 03:59:08 2002:

well, this is a gray area.  I plan to use Grokster to get stuff I 
don't have ready access to, like older, used, music, and maybe to 
check out a little bit of the new.  Do you know how frustrating it 
gets when stuff is out of print, or you have to wait to order it?  My 
credit situation is bad, and so I'm not going to do online shopping.

My behavior when I copied friend's music on cassette tape was I 
*eventually* bought the actual release.  I figured I needed to be 
honest and fair, so I try to replace my copies with actual product, 
and I've done good.. so far.

The P2P thing is new to me.. and I have hardly downloaded anything.  I 
think it would be easier to spend my hard earned dough buying the CDs 
I like, rather than going to a cable modem connection so I can 
download all the time.

resp:116  that's interesting.  I haven't bought much new music in 
*years*.  Most of it is old stuff.  While I admire people like Ken, 
and other folk who just try to follow quality stuff that is outside 
the mainstream, I prefer to be electic in used stuff.. forgetting 
trends and fashions, but sticking with material I have heard 
somewhere.  I buy music conservatively as I do not have much money to 
spend.  I am *not* a person who has hundreds of CDs I hardly listen 
to.  My collection is small.


#119 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 14 05:27:31 2002:

#117> I see. Anyone who feels that illegally downloading music is, well,
illegal is "buying the party line." Your arguments in paragraph one sound like
someone, say, trying one candy out of every bin at the candy shop before
buying any, and then acting surprised when the candy store owner accuses them
of shoplifting.
 
I won't repeat my entire stance, because I have in the past in such detail
that if you're still not clear on what it is, it's because you're being obtuse
and attributing to me a perspective which I do not hold.


#120 of 219 by jaklumen on Thu Mar 14 06:07:48 2002:

*sigh*


#121 of 219 by anderyn on Thu Mar 14 13:01:39 2002:

This response has been erased.



#122 of 219 by slynne on Thu Mar 14 13:45:27 2002:

I agree. It should totally be legal to make mix cds of ones own music. 

Speaking of mix cd's. Does anyone know of an online service that can 
make those? I have an idea for one but I dont own all of the music so 
it would be really nice if there was a service that would allow one to 
download the songs or even one that would burn the cd. I would pay good 
money for this. :)



#123 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 14 14:30:43 2002:

#121, 122> Twila's mashing a bunch of concepts together:
1. Making copies of music recorded from the radio
2. Making copies of music illegally available on the Internet
3. Making copies of music you have purchased, for your own use
4. Making copies of music obtained through 1-3 for distribution to friends
 
(No, Jack didn't mention all of those cases, but they're all part of the
dialog.)
 
4 is illegal. I have a copy of The Fixx's "Shuttered Room" which has a
cassette-and-cross-bones in the corner of the back, and the words "Home taping
is killing music" (or something to that effect). It's not the only album I
have with that logo, but it's the first time I saw it. 1982. WAY before CDs.
So much for Twila's claim that nobody made an issue of (4).
 
As for nobody condoning (4), Twila, read through all the archives of the
Napster items. You'll find there are PLENTY of people condoning illegally
copying music.
 
(1) is ok for your own use, IMHO. It's publicly transmitted. Indeed, HBO used
to promote the concept of taping movies off of HBO for your own library. The
Internet equivalent is copying any file that's legally available on the
Internet, for your own usage.
 
(2) is not ok.
 
(3) is obviously ok.


#124 of 219 by slynne on Thu Mar 14 14:56:51 2002:

But there *should* be a way to legally make mix cd's for one's friends. 
Right now, as far as I know there isnt. If there were a way to do that, 
I would choose that route as would many others.  When the record 
industry refused to provide legal options for people, they shouldnt be 
surprised when people start engaging in those activities. If the 
illegal activity is the MOST convenient, that should tell the record 
companies *something*


#125 of 219 by jazz on Thu Mar 14 15:05:27 2002:

        And the RIAA, and it's constituents, have been taking action over the
last few years to prevent you from doing (3), which they don't like at all,
even though it's perfectly legal.  In fact they seem to be quite happy with
the solution even if it means you can't play it on a computer at all, or
certain CD and DVD players.



#126 of 219 by anderyn on Thu Mar 14 15:51:31 2002:

This response has been erased.



#127 of 219 by jazz on Thu Mar 14 16:03:31 2002:

        While it does work out that way (napster has not had a negative effect
on the RIAA's profits, nor have any of the napster clones), it's like asking
why you can't steal records from a record store to see if they're an artist
you might like to buy copies of.


#128 of 219 by gull on Thu Mar 14 16:21:54 2002:

If the RIAA had had its way we'd never have been able to buy cassette
recorders,either.  Basically they want to halt technological development.


#129 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 14 16:32:28 2002:

#126, #124> *WHY* should it be legal for you to make copies for your friends?
Do you also think it should be legal to photocopy your favorite short stories
and gave them as chapbooks to your friends?
 
Mick could hear the song in question the same way he could read a short story
that you're fond of -- you could loan him the CD, just as you could loan him
the book.
 
There *IS* a legal option. Artists who agree with your reasoning can release
their work into the public domain, or they can make it available online with
conditions specified, or they can put notes on their CDs permitting you to
make copies for not-for-profit purposes, or whatever. Almost all artists are
aware of this option, very few artists take advantage of it.
 
#128> No, they want to halt theft. I don't blame them, with all the people
justifying their theft with commentary.
 
Once again: I am not condemning anyone for violating copyright law and illegal
copying music. I've done it myself, I'll probably do it again. I'm condemning
people for acting as if they're completely in the clear, and that it's the
RIAA that's all evil 'n' stuff. It's wrong. So is swiping a grape when you've
got the munchies in the grocery store. So is doing 74 in a 70 zone. Life goes
on.


#130 of 219 by krj on Thu Mar 14 17:09:56 2002:

I think brighn is wrong in his flat assertion that "making copies 
of music... for distribution to friends" is illegal.  


#131 of 219 by anderyn on Thu Mar 14 17:29:39 2002:

This response has been erased.



#132 of 219 by anderyn on Thu Mar 14 17:31:08 2002:

This response has been erased.



#133 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 14 17:37:03 2002:

#130> By all means, post the relevant portion of intellectual property law
that indicates that copying must be for profit, or for strangers, for it to
be illegal.
 
#132> Then make illegal copies, and say it doesn't matter to you that it's
illegal. Don't pretend it's legal, though. That's all I'm saying. (Truth is,
it doesn't matter that much to RIAA when people are doing it just for their
friends and acquiantances... they know it goes on, it annoys them, but it
would be worth more trouble and be more of a PR nightmare to try seriously
to stop it than it's worth.)


#134 of 219 by krj on Thu Mar 14 17:50:09 2002:

From the RIAA's interpretation of the Audio Home Recording Act:
( http://www.riaa.org/Copyright-Laws-4.cfm )
 
"This 1992 legislation exempts consumers from lawsuits for copyright
 violations when they record music for private, non-commercial use."
 
As the RIAA is about as anti-copying a group as you can find, I hope
that will be sufficient.
 
Hopefully I won't have to go buy a Washington Post reprint to come
up with the rather heated exchange between Orrin Hatch and Hilary Rosen
on what sorts of music copying are fair use.  Hatch, as a principal
author of the DMCA, can be considered an expert on congressional 
intent.


#135 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 14 17:51:08 2002:

http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/106.html
Subject to sections 107 through 121, the owner of copyright under this title
has the exclusive rights to do and to authorize any of the following: to
distribute copies or phonorecords of the copyrighted work to the public by
sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending;
 
Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a
copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords
or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as
criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for
classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright.
(http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.html)
 
The exclusive right of the owner of copyright in a sound recording under
clause (1) of section 106 is limited to the right to duplicate the sound
recording in the form of phonorecords or copies that directly or indirectly
recapture the actual sounds fixed in the recording.
(http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/114.html)
 
So, Ken, do point me to where in the law it says, "... except for friends and
family." Maybe Twila would argue that it falls under "comment" as "fair use,"
but remember that fair use does not allow reproduction of an *entire* work,
only a portion:

In determining whether the use made of a work in any particular case is a fair
use the factors to be considered shall include the amount and substantiality
of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole
(http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.html)
 
[Code edited for ease of reading, but not altered. Original code available
at the links provided.]


#136 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 14 17:56:26 2002:

Ah, ok:
http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/1008.html
No action may be brought under this title alleging infringement of copyright
based on the manufacture, importation, or distribution of a digital audio
recording device, a digital audio recording medium, an analog recording
device, or an analog recording medium, or based on the noncommercial use by
a consumer of such a device or medium for making digital musical recordings
or analog musical recordings 
 
... I stand corrected, then. Carry on, Twila.


#137 of 219 by krj on Thu Mar 14 17:56:45 2002:

Sorry, but if you have decided to ignore the existance of the 
Audio Home Recording Act there is no point in continuing a discussion.


#138 of 219 by krj on Thu Mar 14 17:57:11 2002:

(136 slipped in)


#139 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 14 17:57:19 2002:

Your post slipped in, Ken. I just conceded. Give me a break.


#140 of 219 by bru on Thu Mar 14 17:57:30 2002:

so If I copy a song onto a tape and take to a party, and then one of the
attendees says to me, "can I borrow the tape", to let them do so is illegal?


#141 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 14 17:57:45 2002:

Yes, it slip in, Ken. I see your apology didn't.


#142 of 219 by flem on Thu Mar 14 18:05:16 2002:

If the music industry were just trying to protect themselves by identifying
and bringing lawsuits against people who pirate music, I'd be a lot more
sympathetic.  Instead, they're trying to buy laws (which I find objectionable
in the first place) to regulate in severe and short-sighted ways industries
that are only tangentially related.  I honestly think this is a case of 
outlawing short skirts because they lead to rape.  


#143 of 219 by dbratman on Thu Mar 14 18:06:45 2002:

I am a legitimate user.  I have never downloaded or listened to any 
music on the Internet that wasn't licensed to do so, and I own no CDs 
not commercially purchased.

Yet I still feel I'm being lectured at by Michael Greene.  Why?

Because of his assumption that all users are "shoplifters".

Because of the proposed draconian solutions to this problem, which 
would make it impossible for me to listen to my own legitimately 
purchased music the way I want for my own purposes - not passing it on 
to anyone else or doing anything even remotely unethical, let alone 
illegal.

Some software anti-piracy fixes - I know this is planned for e-book 
downloads - would tie the software to the machine it's downloaded to.  
This means that if my hardware breaks or I buy a new one or anything of 
the sort, I can no longer use my legitimately purchased software.  Nor 
can I buy it and then sell it or give it as a gift to someone else, 
activities that have always been both legal and moral with hard-copy 
books and records.


#144 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 14 18:09:13 2002:

#140> I had thought so, but in 1992, Congress made it legal, as Ken has
demosntrated.
 
#142> I agree, actually. I find the RIAA acting very collusionarily and
egregiously. Then again, I can understand some of their panic in the face of
Napster, a situation nobody was really prepared to process. But they have
nice, calm, nonpanicking lawyers who should know better. Supposedly.


#145 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 14 18:10:10 2002:

#143> I don't feel like I'm being lectured by Michael Greene. Maybe you're
feeling so because you're paranoid...? *shrug*


#146 of 219 by krj on Thu Mar 14 19:01:53 2002:

Flem in resp:142 brings up an interesting argument, one which Napster
attempted to raise in its defense.  The court swatted it down without
much comment, which I think is unfortunate and wrong.
 
Napster is being sued for CONTRIBUTORY copyright infringement.
They are not accused of making infringing copies themselves; they are
accused of contributing to the infringing activities of others.

But who are the others?  No Napster user has ever been successfully
sued or criminally convicted of copyright infringement.  Without a 
legal decision establishing the primary infringement, how can there 
be a legal judgement of CONTRIBUTORY infringement?   Napster argued
that the file sharing its users did fell into the category of 
"private and non-commercial" copying.

("Contributory infringement" is what was alleged by the copyright
industry in the Sony Betamax case.   More commonly it's seen in
cases like flea markets where the owners of the market know that
infringing goods are being sold.)

(Speaking of the Betamax case: it's worth reiterating how
close the USA came to banning the VCR.  The Supreme Court decision
in the Betamax case was only 5-4 in favor of allowing the machines to be 
sold, and to come up with that decision the Court engaged in some 
pretty outrageous law-making, arbitrarily ruling that time-shifting
did not count as copyright infringement even though it involved
the physical production of an unauthorized copy.   Those of you 
who, like brighn, have a moral objection to the unauthorized duplication
of copyrighted material really need to disable the recording function
on your VCR.)


#147 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 14 19:21:25 2002:

Does somebody else have to be found guilty of a crime for me to be found
guilty of abetting the crime? I honestly don't know. Napster clearly had
commercial gain in mind... why would it go through all this nightmare for
pure altruism? I think the code that Ken pointed to, while applicable to the
case, is poorly written, because it goes beyond "fair use" in letter, but I
don't think it was intended to. Putting a copyrighted piece of music on my
website is no more (or less) appropriate than putting a copyrighted piece of
text, but the latter is illegal, but the former doesn't appear to be, so long
as my website isn't a commercial venture.
 
Reading the code, I think we'd be a lot better off if we just tore up sizable
portions off the intellectual property code and started over, WITHOUT the
interference from either the RIAA or the Napsterites. That's not going to
happen, though.


#148 of 219 by krj on Thu Mar 14 20:07:02 2002:

A web site may be non-commercial but it is not considered private.
People have gotten in legal trouble for putting copyrighted music
on their web site.


#149 of 219 by jmsaul on Thu Mar 14 23:34:11 2002:

I've said it before, but it's worth saying again:

Fair use is *really* complicated, the outcome of a fair use case can be hard
to predict, and you only get to find out whether your specific case was fair
use at trial.


#150 of 219 by brighn on Fri Mar 15 03:05:25 2002:

#148> The code quoted in #136 doesn't use the word "private," so if websites
are no good, neither is distributing copies to friends. Reading it again, the
code in #136 doesn't say anything about distribution. It says that I'm
permitted to make copies for non-commercial purposes, it doesn't say I'm
allowed to distribute them to anyone.
 
#149> Fair use is really compicated, but there are clear cases.


#151 of 219 by jmsaul on Fri Mar 15 05:42:18 2002:

True -- but making a mix CD and giving it to a friend isn't one of them.


#152 of 219 by krj on Fri Mar 15 05:55:33 2002:

I have one last word for Paul:  "Publishing."


#153 of 219 by jmsaul on Fri Mar 15 06:01:47 2002:

Well, that's an interesting word.  Have you found a good definition of it in
the copyright context?


#154 of 219 by krj on Fri Mar 15 06:35:32 2002:

Not explicitly, no, but it would seem to be bound up with the phrasing
in Paul's resp:135, where the law talks about the exclusive right to
"distribute copies or phonorecords of the copyrighted work TO THE PUBLIC"
(emphasis mine).   


#155 of 219 by krj on Fri Mar 15 07:25:08 2002:

Salon ran an overview of the SSSCA arguments yesterday, and today there
is one in the New York Times:
 
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/14/technology/14PROT.html
"Piracy, or Innovation?  It's Hollywood vs. High Tech"
 
One quote from down deep in the article:
> Several technology producers already offer copy-protection 
> systems that media companies can use when they
> sell their content in a digital form. What the companies 
> are looking for, in essence, is a second line of defense for
> material posted on the Internet by someone who breaks the 
> original security system, or records a movie in a
> theater with a camcorder, or steals a copy from the studio.
> 
> One proposal calls for a digital "watermark" -- a kind 
> of label undetectable to the human eye or ear -- to be
> embedded in every piece of digital media, carrying 
> instructions about whether it can be played or copied. Every
> computer and electronic media player would be designed 
> to obey those instructions, and TO REFUSE TO PLAY
> ANYTHING THAT DID NOT CONTAIN A WATERMARK. That would 
> mean that even camcorders would have to be redesigned
> to imprint watermarks on home videos.   ((emphasis krj))

The 20 years' worth of "installed base" of CDs do not have watermarks,
nor do the 3-4 years' worth of DVDs.  Wonderful, there is a proposal in 
play to make most music sold in the last 20 years unplayable.


#156 of 219 by jmsaul on Fri Mar 15 13:45:44 2002:

Yeah, it's f*cking ridiculous, and hopefully it won't actually get very far.
It's possible that even the people who proposed it don't expect it to pass,
and are just using it to soften us up for a less ridiculous proposal that will
sound reasonable by comparison... or it's possible that they really are that
evil, and really do think we're that stupid.  After all, they'd get to sell
us new stuff, right?  And since they can't get us to buy their new products
in the quantities they want, they need to resell us the old stuff, right?


#157 of 219 by brighn on Fri Mar 15 14:38:41 2002:

"Publishing" is a nice word, Ken. Irrelevant, but very pretty.
 
Throwing single words out at me and then making obtuse arguments about them
isn't a good way to state a thesis.


#158 of 219 by gull on Fri Mar 15 14:59:49 2002:

Re #156: Record companies have been looking for a way to do this for a while
now.  They made out like bandits when people switched to CDs and bought all
new copies of albums they already owned.  Now they're looking for a way to
tap into that market again.  A mandatory digital watermaking system would be
a pretty effective way to do it.

(The other way they've been trying to get people to buy the same music again
is buy coming out with the "Super CD" standard.  It has yet to take off, but
it'd use 24-bit sampling instead of 16-bit.  Some audiophiles claim to be
able to hear the difference, but it's doubtful most people could; the
evidence mostly points to even 16-bit sampling having about 3 dB more
dynamic range than the human ear.)


#159 of 219 by orinoco on Fri Mar 15 15:32:20 2002:

Re mix tapes:  Look, nobody's arguing that it's immoral to make copies for
a friend, or that it _should_ be illegal.  Nobody's even saying "oh, you've
been naughty, you're gonna get in trouble now" -- everybody knows that even
the New, Improved, Twice As Much Evil For The Same Low Price copyright
industry isn't gonna bother prosecuting you for making a single mix and giving
it away quietly.  Paul's just saying that technically, the way the laws have
been interpreted, it _is_ illegal to make a mix tape for anyone but yourself.

And, well, that's just true.  It's also pretty trivial.  We break laws all
the time -- traffic laws, for instance.  (Now, granted, the cops aren't
lobbying for a law that would prevent any new car from going over 65, so the
bad guys in the copyright industry are acting a little badder... but if you
ignore what _they're_ doing, _we're_ still breaking the law in both cases.)

If you wanted to argue against a law banning cars that can go over 65, you
wouldn't do it by saying "well, but speeding is legal, isn't it?" -- that
would never fly.  You'd come up with other arguments -- cars like that would
be unsafe, they'd be less efficient running at the high end of their range
all the time, they'd require unreliable new technology to limit their speed.
There are plenty of arguments like that against what the RIAA and their ilk
are up to; nobody needs to deny the existence of the laws to show that the
RIAA are being excessive.


#160 of 219 by jmsaul on Fri Mar 15 15:39:13 2002:

If it's illegal to make a mix tape for someone other than yourself -- meaning,
that it's clearly outside the bounds of Fair Use -- please cite the case or
statute where that's explicitly stated.  Nothing that's been quoted or
referred to in this item so far eliminates the possibility that making a
mix tape and giving it to a friend is Fair Use.

I'm not convinced, and I have a fair amount of background in this area.  I
realize there may be something I've missed, though, so educate me.  



#161 of 219 by brighn on Fri Mar 15 17:47:22 2002:

It's not clearly illegal. Ken pointed to the AHRA, which is vague in letter
about whether it's legal to distribute home copies for non-commercial
purposes.
 
I said there are clear examples which are not fair use. In that post, I didn't
specify any examples.


#162 of 219 by jmsaul on Fri Mar 15 22:55:06 2002:

Fair enough.  Um, no pun intended.


#163 of 219 by tpryan on Fri Mar 15 23:41:59 2002:

        So, who wants to start a critics circle?


#164 of 219 by gull on Sat Mar 16 00:20:23 2002:

The AHRA doesn't actually say it's not *illegal*, just that they aren't
allowed to sue you over it.


#165 of 219 by russ on Sat Mar 16 01:48:55 2002:

I find it very enlightening that brighn:

1.)     Is talking about things I never mentioned,
2.)     Didn't mention anything I actually said, and
3.)     Can't seem to grasp the distinction between physical
        property and "intellectual property".

Neither does he seem to grasp that taking a physical copy
without paying for it is stealing, but sending off a virtual
copy for free is often damned effective *marketing*.

But he won't admit that this has any merit either.


#166 of 219 by krj on Sat Mar 16 02:02:01 2002:

In wacky corporate copyright news:  Megacorporation Vivendi Universal
has filed a billion dollar copyright suit against megacorporation News Corp.
Vivendi Universal, in this case, owns a European satellite TV 
operation called Canal+ (Canal Plus); the News Corporation is Rupert 
Murdoch's outfit, including the USA network Fox and also a European
satellite TV operation called Sky TV.  

Vivendi alleges that, in order to hurt Canal+ revenues, News Corporation
employees were involved in the engineering and distribution
of stuff for cracking Canal+ satellite TV encryption.

Interestingly, the satellite TV operations are European, but the 
lawsuit is filed in an American court to take advantage of the 
Digital Millenium Copyright Act.   I don't get the jurisdictional
aspect, unless Vivendi is alleging that the cracking work was done
in the USA.

The story is widely reported and should be easy to find, so I won't
bother pasting in a link.


#167 of 219 by gull on Sat Mar 16 04:49:01 2002:

I think sometimes people go on fishing expeditions in U.S. courts, too.  I
remember hearing about some other foreign cases that were filed here, but
dismissed when the judge ruled he didn't have jurisdiction.


#168 of 219 by jmsaul on Sat Mar 16 13:45:08 2002:

It does happen.


#169 of 219 by scott on Sat Mar 16 23:12:51 2002:

Really interesting article from the NYT on the future of music:
http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&cid=76&u=/nyt/20020316/tc_nyt/w
her
e_music_will_be_coming_from
(sorry about the excessive URL; this is a no-registration version from Yahoo)


#170 of 219 by brighn on Sun Mar 17 03:31:03 2002:

#165> A few months ago, we put up a ruralmailbox so our postal worker wouldn't
have to climb our porch steps in the snow. A week after that, she stuffed our
mailbox full of sample packets of Friskies, you know, the sort of thing that
companies send out from time to time. FREE. Through the mail. See, they have
to do it through the mail, and not via email, because, well, they're giving
away PHYSICAL things.
 
I fail to see how, "People give stuff away via the Net for free" is
justification for "People take things via the Net that don't belong to them,"
anymore than "People give stuff away via the USPS for free" is justification
for "People take things in the 'real' world that don't belong to them." Unless
Russ is advising me that it's ok for me to steal Friskies from the
supermarket, because the company has set a precedent?


#171 of 219 by jazz on Sun Mar 17 16:49:31 2002:

        Leaving aside the question of "wrong" and "right", or "legal" and
"illegal", the peer-to-peer file sharing issue does illustrate that the
traditional record-selling method really isn't viable anymore.  You can sell
fruit out of a stand in downtown Detroit, but if you leave the fruit there
overnight, someone's going to steal it.  It's still wrong, and illegal, but
it's the business model that's failed.


#172 of 219 by brighn on Sun Mar 17 17:09:28 2002:

Point. I'm not even sure how much I'd question the morality of whoever stole
the fruit, because it was stupid of the vendor to leave it there. I'd only
challenge them when they said, "Hey, I'm not a thief because it was just
sitting there!" ;}


#173 of 219 by russ on Sun Mar 17 21:32:59 2002:

Re #170:  Still a faulty analogy, as you have a transfer of PHYSICAL
PROPERTY (just so you can't claim to have missed it again) from
someone else's possession to  yours.

Here's a better analogy.  Suppose that Friskies were available only
in huge, lifetime-supply quantities (like an album on CD, once you
own it you may never need another).  Further suppose that you got
the recipe for Friskies and made some of your own, to see if your
cat liked them.  It would not deprive anyone else of a thing, and
it would let you sample the wares before you buy instead of being
stuck with an expensive, non-returnable item that you can't use.
The only way you would be harming the maker of Friskies is if you
continued to make your own instead of going out and buying the
package once you knew your cat liked them.

And in case you missed it, "intellectual property" is a LEGAL
CONSTRUCT.  No such thing exists in nature.  Once you let someone
else learn your idea, your poem or your song, nothing prevents
them from repeating it to others for nothing; it becomes part of
the commons, available to everyone.  It requires a legal system
to give the inventor, poet or composer anything resembling "property
rights" in any work once revealed to the public.

As Jefferson (who helped author the copyright clase of the
Constitution, so he should be an authority) wrote in 1813:

    If nature has made any one thing less susceptible than all others 
    of exclusive property, it is the action of the thinking power called 
    an idea, which an individual may exclusively possess as long as he 
    keeps it to himself; but the moment it is divulged, it forces itself 
    into the possession of every one, and the receiver cannot dispossess 
    himself of it.  Its peculiar character, too, is that no one possesses 
    the less, because every other possesses the whole of it.  He who 
    receives an idea from me, receives instruction himself without 
    lessening mine; as he who lights his taper at mine, receives light 
    without darkening me . . . . 

    Inventions then cannot, in nature, be a subject of property.  Society
    may give an exclusive right to the profits arising from them, as an
    encouragement to men to pursue ideas which may produce utility, but
    this may or may not be done, according to the will and convenience
    of the society, without claim or complaint from anybody.

Both Jefferson and Madison classed copyrights and patents as grants of
monopoly, only to be allowed for limited periods and only for the
purpose of creating an incentive to invent and make inventions public.

Patents and copyrights are supposed to exist only for the purpose of
increasing the public good.  To the extent that rigid enforcement of
copyright increases monopoly rents on music, movies or anything else,
they are contrary to the public interest.  Ditto any mode of enforcement
which keeps people from space-shifting or time-shifting; such should
be ruled contrary to the Copyright Clause and thus un-Constitutional
to enforce legally.  Bye-bye, DMCA.


#174 of 219 by brighn on Mon Mar 18 05:07:04 2002:

Russ, why do you keep acting like I don't understand intellectual property
just because I happen to disagree with you?
 
As long as you keep insulting me, I'm done talking to you about this.


#175 of 219 by jaklumen on Mon Mar 18 05:45:41 2002:

*sigh*  well, congratulations.  The conversation between the two of 
you has convinced me to admit I'm a petty thief.  Not a thief to be of 
any real notice, but a thief.  Now-- let enough alone so I don't have 
a reason to forget this item.


#176 of 219 by mcnally on Mon Mar 18 06:08:03 2002:

  re #174:  Perhaps Russ keeps acting like you don't understand intellectual
  property because you keep using, OVER and OVER, deeply flawed analogies
  likening the "theft" of intellectual property to the theft of physical
  property while ignoring the absolutely critical difference between the
  two acts..

  The two possibilities I can see for why you might choose to put forward
  a deliberately flawed argument over and over again are:

    (1)  you don't believe people will agree with your position unless
         you resort to a deliberately inaccurate and intentionally misleading
         comparison, or 
    (2)  despite repeated efforts to bring the problem to your attention,
         you remain bafflingly unaware of the flaw in your metaphor. 

  Of the two alternatives, (2) is slightly more charitable.  Perhaps Russ
  is merely being polite and giving you the benefit of the doubt.


#177 of 219 by brighn on Mon Mar 18 14:12:03 2002:

Ok, Mike, what is the "absolutely critical difference between the two acts"
that makes my analogies "deeply flawed"? Isn't it at all possible that my
perspective and yours differ, without one of them being the objective,
unmalleable truth?
 
Again, just because I disagree with something doesn't mean I'm ignoring it,
or being obtuse, or whatever.

Russ, polite? Hah. You must be joking.


#178 of 219 by mcnally on Mon Mar 18 23:26:13 2002:

  I guess you really ARE trying to shore up a claim on alternative (2).
  I don't see any point in discussing it if you're going to be deliberately
  obtuse.


#179 of 219 by russ on Tue Mar 19 03:11:47 2002:

I think brighn likes bickering more than he likes firm conclusions.
Get to the root of the issue and resolve it, and he sulks and won't
talk to you anymore.  I'll have to remember this if I'm ever stuck
in a car with him. ;-)


#180 of 219 by brighn on Tue Mar 19 04:29:54 2002:

#178> Mike, I asked you a simple question. 
#179> I'm not sulking. If Mike doesn't want to answer the question, why don't
you do it?


#181 of 219 by mcnally on Tue Mar 19 08:10:11 2002:

  re #180:  You asked me a "simple" question to which you already know,
  or should already know, the answer.  Your question isn't an honest one --
  it's asked not out of a desire to hear my answer but because you want
  to prolong a pointless argument.  As I've already said, I don't see any
  point in obliging you.


#182 of 219 by gull on Tue Mar 19 14:01:36 2002:

http://www.theregus.com/content/54/24356.html

Summary: Canada is considering adding a CAN$1.23 charge to each blank CDR,
and a CAN$100 charge to every MP3 player sold in the country.  The money
would go to the Canadian Private Copying Collective, which already gets
money from similar levies on other recording media.  The idea is to
compensate musicians for illicit copying.


Now, my opinion is this could backfire.  If you knew you were already being
charged a tax on your blank media on the assumption you'd use it for
infringing copyrights, would you feel guilty about living up to that
assumption?


#183 of 219 by jmsaul on Tue Mar 19 14:48:28 2002:

Hell, no.


#184 of 219 by brighn on Tue Mar 19 16:11:41 2002:

#181> Mike, there have been so many twists in this conversation over the
course of multiple Agoras, I honestly do not know the "single thing" to which
you are referring. If you don't want to tell me, at least point me to a post
number.
 
I'd thank you to stop assuming malice on my part. I'm not Leeron.


#185 of 219 by russ on Tue Mar 19 23:41:48 2002:

Oh, no, brighn.  I won your withdrawal from the discussion fair and
square, I'm not about to give you license to come back with more
postmodern pointlessness.  (I'm also not going to let you pretend
that the question you asked in #177 wasn't already answered in #173,
or that you're the only one who doesn't publicly acknowledge this.)
I know you like to feel like everyone's against you, but you shouldn't
be so insecure that you need us to re-affirm it several times a day.
We're not about to stop disagreeing with you that fast; you might
want to check back once a week.

And as long as I'm on a roll with analogies here, let me try to work
up one that Courtney Love might agree with:

Downloading music and listening to it without ever buying the media is
like bypassing a criminal cartel which has enslaved most of the artists
and paid them almost nothing for their work; you've taken the cartel's
ill-gotten gains and put them back in your own pocket.  If you spend
any of that money on tickets to a live concert, you've given the artist
more than most would ever get from buying music in a store.

Waitasec, that's not an analogy; it's pretty much what Love says herself.


#186 of 219 by russ on Wed Mar 20 03:25:52 2002:

Re #182:  You mis-stated the taxes.  It's CDN$1.23 per *audio* CD-R,
CDN$.59 per data CD-R.  Fees on CD-RWs are much higher (as if you can
have more than one thing on a CD-RW at once... what *are* they thinking?).

More to the point, with such outrageous taxes on media I would feel no
qualms about smuggling either.  The fee on CD-Rs amounts to about 60%
of the US retail price, no?  At a difference of US$36 per hundred,
there will be people making a very tidy profit on the arbitrage.

Maybe this will start a long-overdue backlash against Canadian taxes.
At the very least, Canadian garage bands having to pay a royalty to
the establishment for the priviledge of making CDs of their own music
should be raising a huge stink in Ottawa.


#187 of 219 by brighn on Wed Mar 20 04:18:01 2002:

#185> Russ, I didn't withdraw from the conversation, I withdrew from talking
to you about it so long as you were going to insult me. If you're going to
answer the question, politely and civilly, I'll gladly discuss it with you.
 
Since that's not likely to happen, I really don't have to worry about it, but
I'm ready in case you do.


#188 of 219 by slynne on Wed Mar 20 16:10:48 2002:

I think it is funny how russ pretends that he gets to give people 
permission to engage in conversations here. 


#189 of 219 by brighn on Wed Mar 20 18:21:31 2002:

I think Russ is just funny, period. ;}


#190 of 219 by russ on Thu Mar 21 03:55:26 2002:

McNally, you want to administer the clue-by-four?  I'm curious
to see what lame excuse brighn will come up with to ignore you.


#191 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 21 04:18:04 2002:

Mike has already declined. Surely you wouldn't be goading him into doing what
you've chastised me for allegedly doing?
 
The only "single thing" I could identify as a candidate is that copying does
not diminish the quantity available. If I steal an apple, the vendor has one
fewer apples; if I photograph an apple, the vendor still has the apple.
 
Is that the great mystical one thing that makes intellectual property "theft"
morally acceptable? If so, it doesn't. If I make a living as a photographer,
one element that goes into the value of my work is its availability. People
copying my photographs and selling them at a lesser price diminishes the
economic viability of my photographs. That's economics.
 
Frankly, Russ, your rant re: Courtney Love speaks volumes about your actual
(vs. pretended) bias. You hate the RIAA. You loathe them. You are justified
in your actions because you feel they are lower than low. It has nothing to
do with your attitudes about intellectual property, it has to do with your
attitudes about the RIAA.
 
No, if this were a simple difference of opinion, you wouldn't be this cranky.
You have a good deal of emotional stock in this, too. Otherwise you wouldn't
be hurling insults around.
 
If you were to go back and read my posts (I mean the whole things, not just
the parts that piss you off), you'd see that I hate the RIAA too. You want
to call them scum? Groovy. They're greedy fucking bastards. They're immoral
pricks who care more about money than anything else in the world.
 
You think that justifies pillaging from them. You've said as much. I don't.
 
That's what this argument is really about, sunshine. You thin kit's all right
to commit immoral acts in response to immorality. I don't. Everything else
is just justification on your part.


#192 of 219 by jazz on Thu Mar 21 07:06:40 2002:

        It'd be quite amusing if there was a populist movement to give money
to artists whom a listener has pirated MP3s from.  Perhaps music can survive
on a shareware basis.


#193 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 21 14:07:00 2002:

#192> Hm. Now, my attitude probably WOULD be different if someone downloaded
entire albums via Napster-clones and then sent a $4 check to the band. Then
they could legitimately say they're giving more to the band than the RIAA
would be (a pittance, to be sure, per item), so they're not hurting the
artist. (Counterargument: The artist doesn't get new contracts without units
sold, but if the artists were getting most of their revenue from online sales,
they'd drop out of the RIAA gristmill anyway.)


#194 of 219 by slynne on Thu Mar 21 15:33:37 2002:

Except then, the big record companies wouldnt be compensated for all 
the money they put into the marketing that made someone want the music 
in the first place. There is a reason bands dont just set up web sites 
that charge $4 for downloads (they could do this I am sure but they 
dont, why not?)


#195 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 21 16:48:33 2002:

Sure. The RIAA is accused of all sorts of evil doing when N*Sync is selling
5 million copies and only getting a buck a unit, and while I'm inclined to
agree, the record companies are rarely praised for taking on that dark horse
that winds up selling the 5,000 copies and is a huge financial hit for them.
When someone asked my previous boss about profit sharing, his response was,
"Well, are you willing to pay out of your pocket when the company has bad
years?"
 
All the same, I think the movies, as an industry, runs better. It still has
its share of greedy scumbags, but award-winning actors who want to split their
time between blockbusters and indies (Kevin Spacey, William H. Macy, etc.)
have room to do so, and the indies do actually get made.


#196 of 219 by anderyn on Thu Mar 21 16:54:55 2002:

This response has been erased.



#197 of 219 by slynne on Thu Mar 21 17:10:52 2002:

I have never heard of Dougie MacLean. I'll bet that most people have 
not heard of him. He is serve a niche market so his method of 
distribution works but if he were trying to serve a mass market, his 
method would all but insure failure. 


#198 of 219 by krj on Thu Mar 21 17:15:32 2002:

(The Plant Life record label expired years ago; they didn't even make
it into the CD era.  The new label Osmosys seems to have acquired 
most of the Plant Life masters and Osmosys issues do turn up 
in specialist shops.  Pickey details that only Twila will care about.)


#199 of 219 by krj on Thu Mar 21 17:16:43 2002:

Non musical DMCA news:  The Church of Scientology has used DMCA
threats to get the major anti-Scientology sites deleted from 
Google's search engine listings.  Source: Wired, and usenet.


#200 of 219 by anderyn on Thu Mar 21 17:45:28 2002:

This response has been erased.



#201 of 219 by anderyn on Thu Mar 21 17:49:09 2002:

This response has been erased.



#202 of 219 by brighn on Thu Mar 21 18:35:27 2002:

Slynne, people also said that bands that refused to sign major label deals
were always doomed to staying below the radar. Ani Difranco proved them wrong,
but the fact that ONLY Ani Difranco proved them wrong, proved them right.
 
All the same, I think the Net could be an incredible marketing tool for the
right artists, and I do think that some bands might be able to become huge
commercial successes without the majors.


#203 of 219 by slynne on Thu Mar 21 19:25:09 2002:

re#201 - It's about marketing, twila. If an artist wants to reach a 
*mass* audience, one has to advertise. Most artists dont have the funds 
necessary to really promote their work. While the Net can be an 
incredible marketing tool, it isnt currently nearly as good as other 
marketing tools -- marketing tools that are very expensive. 

I get that you, twila, would be happy to buy downloads legally. I would 
be happy to legally buy downloads too. But, I'll bet that a lot of 
music you like is not mass market type of music. Think about how you 
find out about artists. Most people probably discover new artists in a 
different way. For me, I usually either hear of something from a friend 
or I hear it on the radio. It takes a LOT of expensive marketing to get 
a song on the radio. 




#204 of 219 by gull on Thu Mar 21 20:22:10 2002:

Especially with many of the radio stations these days being owned by a 
few conglomerates, some of which are wings of the same companies that 
own the record labels...


#205 of 219 by russ on Fri Mar 22 00:11:08 2002:

Whee!  Wind him up, watch him go!  (Two word refutation:  "fair use".
Also, legality has nothing to do with morality.  But I'll stop here.)

Re #192:  If I recall correctly, there already is.  Fairtunes.com.
Unfortunately I don't know if they use anything other than Paypal.
(Since I have never downloaded any music which was not explicitly
being given away [one whole MP3 file], I owe nothing to any artist.)


#206 of 219 by anderyn on Fri Mar 22 00:46:23 2002:

This response has been erased.



#207 of 219 by brighn on Fri Mar 22 02:48:38 2002:

#205> "Fair use" is not a refutation in and of itself. And legality IS related
to morality: It's socialized morality. A culture's laws are a reflection of
what that culture, together, has decided its morality is. But I see you have
no real interest in a substantive conversation, you'd rather just through out
vacuous barbs.

Maybe I hit too close to home, so you're trying to sneak out of the
conversation.


#208 of 219 by krj on Fri Mar 22 03:11:27 2002:

Sen. Hollings has formally introduced the SSSCA in the Senate.  
It has a new name, the Consumer Broadband and Digital Television 
Promotion Act, or CBDTPA.  Sponsoring Senators are
       Hollings,  D-South Carolina
       Stevens,   R-Alaska
       Inouye,    D-Hawaii
       Breaux,    D-Louisiana
       Nelson,    D-Florida
       Feinstein, D-California.
News coverage is abundant.


#209 of 219 by jazz on Fri Mar 22 04:11:26 2002:

        Wow, isn't that like calling a machinegun a "mobile people renewing
tool"?


#210 of 219 by other on Fri Mar 22 04:13:11 2002:

Actually, with the economic imperative at work, this may well promote consumer
broadband and digital television.  I mean, what better incentive for the
corporate interests than legally enforceable control over the consumer
experience?


#211 of 219 by jazz on Fri Mar 22 04:15:39 2002:

        They're really not getting this whole concept that, when it comes to
a battle of wits, corporate America pretty consistently loses to rebel youth,
are they?


#212 of 219 by other on Fri Mar 22 04:47:34 2002:

I think you answered your own question, there, fella.  :)


#213 of 219 by russ on Fri Mar 22 06:05:56 2002:

Re #200:  From what little I've had the time to follow, the Co$
did it by making specious allegations of DMCA violations and
invoking the "notice and take-down" provision against Google's
mirrors.  I gather they pretty much deleted xenu.net from Google.

xenu.net is hosted in Europe, outside the reach of the US courts.
However, in order to contest the specious take-down, xenu.net
would have to submit itself to the judgement of US courts in
Scientology's choice of venue.  This means that the asshole
with the most money wins the battle, not the side that's right.

Yet another reason why the entire DMCA is evil and must be abolished.

Re #204:  Now you know why I don't listen to commercial radio any more.


#214 of 219 by gull on Fri Mar 22 13:38:22 2002:

Google bas backed off a little -- they've relisted Xenu's homepage.  The
request was apparently only to remove the pages that actually had the
claimed copyright violations on them.

http://www.theregus.com/content/6/24405.html


#215 of 219 by krj on Fri Mar 22 14:42:28 2002:

((Metadiscussion:  now that Agora has rolled, I'll start the next 
  item in this series later today or this weekend.  I wanted to give 
  Agora a chance to grow a few less argumentative items in its 
  front parlor.))


#216 of 219 by brighn on Fri Mar 22 17:11:53 2002:

Russ, if you don't listen to radio, don't buy commercial CDs, and don't
download music, what sources *do* you use? (I'm also wondering if you watch
TV and attend movies, or if you've taken your attitudes to Keesanian lengths.)

I suppose one's music consumption could be limited to concerts, but all but
the smallest of those are tied up in the same gristmill.


#217 of 219 by russ on Sat Mar 23 04:08:03 2002:

Re #216:  I listen to non-commercial radio (WDET), and I do buy CDs
(mostly used).  At this time I do not have a television hooked up
and functional.


#218 of 219 by brighn on Sat Mar 23 05:10:23 2002:

h, makes sense. I don't enjoy the bulk of what's on public radio.
 
I'll admit, I'm a slave to the corporate entertainment industry.


#219 of 219 by gull on Sun Mar 24 02:07:49 2002:

I like some of the public radio talk shows, dislike others.  I often 
enjoy the jazz programs on WEMU.


There are no more items selected.

You have several choices: