Grex Agora47 Conference

Item 175: shopping for a car, this time because I have to

Entered by jep on Sun Nov 16 15:08:26 2003:

I totalled my car recently by hitting a deer.  Now I'm looking for a 
new car.  Meanwhile, I've been driving my pickup truck to and from 
work, to the tune of about $75 per week.

So, I am buying another car in the next week or so.
120 responses total.

#1 of 120 by jep on Sun Nov 16 15:13:04 2003:

I was more or less looking at two or three cars, and more or less 
basing my choices on Consumer Reports on-line.  From their reviews, I 
settled on a Toyota Corolla or Honda Civic.  They're two excellent 
cars from the reviews, with great gas mileage (near 40 mph), and the 
features I want (air, cruise, 5 speed, CD player) for a price I can 
afford; aroun $15,000.

But I'm a member of a GM family.  I have a dad who retired from GM, 
and a brother working for Saturn.  Consumer Reports really hates GM; 
none of their cars are reviewed as being very good, and the ones in my 
price range are rated as horrid.  I was interested in a Pontiac 
Sunfire or Saturn Ion or something like that.  They're described in 
terms that make it clear you'd be nuts to buy one.

Anyway, I called a local GM dealer to see what the family discount is, 
and it's remarkable; it's a couple of thousand dollars.  Also, Chevy 
Cavaliers are drawing $4000 rebates right now.  In addition to that, 
there's a financing discount; if you put up to $2000 down, you get 
half of that amount as a rebate.  I could buy a Cavalier with 
everything I want except cruise control for around $8500.  It's EPA 
rated at 26/37.  Consumer Reports tests cars for mileage, and they're 
usually not too far off from the EPA numbers.

The Cavalier is a crummy car compared to a Corolla or Civic, but it's 
a little more than half the money for me.  I'm no car nut.  I just 
want to get to and from work, and go on occasional vacations.  
Sunroofs, spoilers, alloy wheels, etc. do very little for me, I find, 
when I contemplate paying for them.  I'm thinking this Cavalier might 
well do all I need.  It even comes in different colors.  Many cars 
come in shades of black and white, plus red, and that's it.  This one 
can be had in green (Go State!), or yellow, orange, or a few other 
colors.  As long as it doesn't cost more, that's a bonus.


#2 of 120 by keesan on Sun Nov 16 15:58:56 2003:

What would a used Toyota Corolla cost you?  How much would it save you on
gasoline per year?  


#3 of 120 by tpryan on Sun Nov 16 18:33:01 2003:

        A two year old used car, bought with *regular* finance 
rate, could end up costing more per month.


#4 of 120 by slynne on Sun Nov 16 18:54:38 2003:

While I am no GM fan, I am not sure you can go wrong at $8500. I mean, 
at that price, does it really matter if it only lasts half as long as a 
Honda?


#5 of 120 by scott on Sun Nov 16 19:25:34 2003:

Depends on what it costs to fix, and how often it need to be fixed.


#6 of 120 by slynne on Sun Nov 16 20:43:23 2003:

Yeah, but how often does a new car need to be fixed? Even if it is a GM 
car. Does it come with any kind of warranty?


#7 of 120 by aruba on Sun Nov 16 22:46:40 2003:

I really like my Honda Civic, which has served well for 13 years, but if I
got a couple thousand dollars' discount for buying GM, I think I'd go for
it too.

My mother came from a GM family too - her Dad was a lifer.  But she gave up
on GM after her 1976 Chevy Chevette.


#8 of 120 by jep on Mon Nov 17 03:10:44 2003:

The dealer I talked to told me there's basically no possibility of 
negotiating on price when you get the GM discount, because they're 
selling the car at factory price anyway.  I'll check on that (by 
asking for price at another dealership or two)... but does anyone know 
if it's true?

I wish the GM WWW sites showed the family discount in the price, so I 
could really compare their cars to others.

re resp:2: If someone is selling a 2 year old Corolla, chances seem 
pretty good it's got problems.

A year ago when I brought up the discussions about buying cars, I 
thought I'd prefer a used one.  I also thought I'd have the chance to 
take my time, check out different cars, and get to know a little about 
what I was doing.  Right now, if I came across a $2000-3000 used car 
that was pretty reliable, I'd buy it.  The problem I have is that I 
don't know how to tell a good used car from a bad one.

And I have got to get out of driving my pickup truck quickly.  I am 
spending $75 per week just in gas.  (I'll pay for a Cavalier in about 
3 years at that rate.)  The truck has 150,000 miles on it.  If 
something happens to it before I have another car, I am in a very 
difficult position.

I have spent maybe $2000 in car repairs this calendar year.  I'm not 
willing to pay for another car *and* keep a big repair bill too.

I'm focusing on gas mileage as my priority.  I have even considered 
the hybrid cars, Toyota Prius and Honda Civic Hybrid.  Unfortunately, 
I drive enough miles (25-30K per year) that the expected life span of 
the batteries (100,000 miles) might catch up to me before the price on 
the batteries drops enough to make replacement worthwhile.  Right now, 
replacement batteries are about $4000.  I expect I'll look at hybrids 
again in a few years. 


#9 of 120 by twenex on Mon Nov 17 05:10:22 2003:

Bit of a pickle.


#10 of 120 by sj2 on Mon Nov 17 07:51:55 2003:

I would rate cars on the following :- 
- Price (ofcourse)
- Price and availability of spares. Do they have a 24 hour spares shop 
in your vicinity? Here, surprisingly, Mercedes spares are cheaper than 
Toyota.
- Free service with the new car. Here (Oman), Toyota gives 2-3 years 
of free service with the car depending on the model.
- Quality of service. Check with other owners. Also check how long 
they take to service your car. Here, Toyota services the car within 6 
hours. Mitsubishi takes a day. If informed a day in advance, Toyota 
even arranges for a car for the six hours.
- Check for warranty conditions. Here, Mitsubishi sends you a list of 
spares to be changed every year. If you fail to change them, the 
warranty is void.
- Resale value. If you plan to change your car in the next 4-5 years, 
how much would you get for it? How fast can you sell it off, if needed?



#11 of 120 by mary on Mon Nov 17 11:54:48 2003:

Edmunds.com  should be able to tell you what the dealer
pays for any car on the lot.  They go to the link reporting
any incentives the manufacturer will be paying the dealer.

I know for a fact that having this information saved us
at least a couple of thousand dollars a car.  

I wouldn't own anything but a Civic.  I bonded 25 years ago. ;-)


#12 of 120 by mary on Mon Nov 17 11:55:19 2003:

s/then/they


#13 of 120 by remmers on Mon Nov 17 13:33:20 2003:

I gave up on GM after my 1971 Chevy Vega experience.  This highly
touted "Motor Trend Car of the Year" was a pile of junk two years
later.  Switched to Toyota for my next car and have purchased only
Japanese cars since.  To be fair, I think Detroit has gotten its
quality control act together much better since the 1970s, not
because they wanted to but because the foreign competition forced
them to.  But still, Toyota and Honda still seem to lead the
field in low frequency of repair records.  My current car is a
Toyota Camry.

Just my two cents.  Not sure that it helps John out all that much.


#14 of 120 by russ on Mon Nov 17 13:58:30 2003:

If you get GM discounts but you'd rather have a Toyota for quality, look
at the Pontiac Vibe (a re-badged Toyota Matrix, IIRC).  If they are not
discounting it, maybe you should ask why the other cars are going so cheap.

Re #2:  If the difference in gas mileage is 40 MPG vs. 35 MPG and
fuel costs $2.00/gallon, it would take... let's see.

        $6500 / [ (1/(35 mpg) - 1/(40 mpg)) * $2/gallon ]
     =  $6500 / ( 1/280 gallons/mile * $2/gallon )
     =  $6500 / (1/140 $/mile)
     =  910,000 miles to make up a difference of $6500 in initial cost,
        ignoring the time value of money.

This is rather extreme.  In contrast, the price-premium of a hybrid over a
conventional car is supposed to be about $1800, and the mileage improvement
is typically from 25 MPG to ~40 MPG.  

        $1800 / [ (1/(25 mpg) - 1/(40 mpg)) * $2/gallon ]
        = $1800 / (.015 gallon/mile * $2/gallon)
        = $1800 / ( $.03 $/mile )
        = 60,000 miles to make up the difference.

If gasoline cost $5/gallon, it would be 24,000 miles.


#15 of 120 by jp2 on Mon Nov 17 14:15:05 2003:

This response has been erased.



#16 of 120 by keesan on Mon Nov 17 15:41:04 2003:

Don't assume that a used car (say 4 years old) would need the same amount of
repairs as the 1992 car you were driving.  WHat is the cost of a 4 year old
Toyota?


#17 of 120 by twenex on Mon Nov 17 15:46:19 2003:

Someone might be selling a 1>2 year old machine because they need to, not
because there is anything wrong with it. Any used car should come with a full
service history, manuals, and be checked for rust and a working gearbox, etc.


#18 of 120 by edina on Mon Nov 17 15:50:43 2003:

John, my mom drives a Cavalier - it's her 4th one.  If you want, give her a
call and ask her - she also got hers on the discount.


#19 of 120 by gull on Mon Nov 17 16:18:11 2003:

The main complaint I've heard about the new Saturns (other than the
styling, which I personally hate) is that they have extremely wide
turning radiuses for small cars.  I've jokingly suggested that since GM
is advertising the four-wheel-steering version of the Suburban as having
a turning radius "the same as a Saturn sedan," maybe they had to cripple
the sedan's turning radius a bit to meet that target. ;>


#20 of 120 by bru on Mon Nov 17 16:56:12 2003:

My saturn was a good car, very dependable, but after 60,000 it started using
oil.  on the other hand, a guy I worked with had the same saturn I had and
had 200,000 on it with no oil usage, but he did maintain the oil changes at
3000 which I did not.

I also loved my Cavalier.  It took a head on collission at 60 mph and the
passenger compartment stayed intact.  No one in our car was injured, everybody
in the other car was.  WE wore our seat belts, tehy did not.  (we were both
going about 30 mph on a very slippery road.)  They were driving a ford.


#21 of 120 by twenex on Mon Nov 17 18:09:11 2003:

Cavaliers were great. We had a GTX (or something) souped-up sports version.
(They *were* great because in Europe they've been replaced by the "Vectra").

We had an old Voilvo that took a collision coming out of a cul-de-sac w/i a
guy in a Renault 5 who was blind by choice (i.e. he didn't look where he was
going). Totalled the Renault, though IIRC the guy was ok; on the left side,
where he hit us, the Volvo's indicator light broke.


#22 of 120 by jep on Mon Nov 17 18:34:27 2003:

My brother works for Saturn.  A half year ago, when I asked him, he 
advised me to avoid the Ion.  I plan to talk to him and see if he 
thinks they're better now, but if he's not willing to heartily 
recommend it, I don't want one.

Discounts available to me for the Chevy Cavalier and Pontiac Sunfire, 
the two GM cars I am considering:

-- $4000 discount for the model (or they have these basic car specials
   which amounts to about the same discount)
-- about $2000 employee/family discount
-- 50% of the down payment up to $2000 (up to $1000 discount).  This is
   also for employees and family.


#23 of 120 by jep on Mon Nov 17 18:51:18 2003:

I have never in my life heard a good word spoken about the Jim Bradley 
dealership.  I went to them around 10 years ago when I was thinking of 
buying a Saturn and became the only person I know who was ever treated 
shabbily by a Saturn dealer.

Not to hold a grudge, though... if anyone here can say anything nice 
about them, I'll probably at least talk to them.

Mary and John, do you buy your Hondas at Howard Cooper?  There *is* 
something to be said about Consumer Reports and probably everyone else 
saying the car you're buying is the best built car in it's class.


#24 of 120 by rcurl on Mon Nov 17 18:55:53 2003:

No one has mentioned the consideration of whether a car meets one's
desires for functionality for one's own uses. Mine have been a station
wagon (not SUV) with 4- or All- wheel drive, and a manual transmission,
at the lowest cost. That combination pretty much limited me to a Subaru. 




#25 of 120 by gelinas on Mon Nov 17 19:31:41 2003:

(Russ, I think you dropped a decimal point in the first set of equations in
#14.  You wrote, "$6500 / ( 1/280 gallons/mile * $2/gallon )"; shouldn't 
that be 1/0.280 gallons/mile?


#26 of 120 by gull on Mon Nov 17 19:40:22 2003:

I have a Honda Civic I'm selling, incidentally, but I imagine you won't want
it because it has airbags.


#27 of 120 by mary on Mon Nov 17 21:56:41 2003:

I buy the Hondas and John is a Toyata man.  I can't remember the
name of his dealer, it's on Jackson Rd., near Wagner.  I buy
from Howard Cooper but let it be known I'll travel elsewhere
for a better deal. 


#28 of 120 by jep on Mon Nov 17 22:26:24 2003:

All cars built in the last 10 years have airbags, Dave.  I've ranted 
against them in the past, but failed so far to provoke widesweeping 
sentiment banning them from all cars.  While my opposition seeps 
through the nation, I guess I'll just have to put up with their 
existence for a year or two.

Is it the car you listed in the classified conference?  I figured that 
would have been gone by now.


#29 of 120 by jep on Mon Nov 17 22:50:37 2003:

Oh, yeah... re Russ, resp:14: The price of a hybrid is around $3000 
more than for a gas car.  The federal government gives a $2000 tax 
rebate for buying one.  I seriously considered the hybrid Honda Civic 
but decided to wait a few years on the hybrids.  


#30 of 120 by twenex on Mon Nov 17 22:52:00 2003:

I'd be interested to know what's so wrong with airbags.


#31 of 120 by tod on Mon Nov 17 23:09:23 2003:

This response has been erased.



#32 of 120 by rcurl on Tue Nov 18 00:28:19 2003:

Re #28: I got rid of my 1986 Subaru in part because it did NOT have airbags.
But if we are lucky only cars with airbags will be on the road in a few
years.


#33 of 120 by jep on Tue Nov 18 00:31:02 2003:

re resp:30: I have a 7 year old son.  It would be nearly as effective a 
safety device to put an iron portcullis on his side of the car, with 
sharpened, poisoned spikes, which would drill through his body in the 
event of an accident, as to have an airbag for his seat.  If he rides 
in the front seat, he may be at an increased risk of injury if we're in 
an accident, but if he's in the front seat with an airbag, he is in 
mortal danger if we even get in a bumper-thumper type accident.

Some "safety" feature.  It costs about $700, per seat, to have a new 
car equipped with this benefit.

It does ensure, no questions about it, for *sure*, he will *always* be 
sitting in the back seat if I buy a new car, because of the hugely 
increased hazard of this "safety" device.  The aforementioned 
portcullis would also do that.

Not that I want to discuss air bags or anything.  Please take that 
discussion to another item.  We also discussed airbags in the Bummed 
item.


#34 of 120 by twenex on Tue Nov 18 00:38:10 2003:

Jesus wept. Maybe they did that to ensure kids got in the back, as well. It's
illegal in the uk for kids to go in the front up until about 6 or 7 anyways.


#35 of 120 by johnnie on Tue Nov 18 01:44:52 2003:

I seem to recall hearing that (some?) newer cars allow the passenger air 
bags to be turned off, and/or have newfangled gadgetry that sense the 
size of the passenger and adjust the air bag inflation accordingly?  
Yes/no?



#36 of 120 by johnnie on Tue Nov 18 01:51:35 2003:

Oh, and as to the Cavalier:  Over the past decade, myself and a couple 
family members have owned Cavaliers, and would not hesitate to buy 
another.  Mine, an '89, served me well and faithfully until I sold it at 
170,000+ miles (and it was still running just fine, thank you).  



#37 of 120 by jep on Tue Nov 18 03:30:01 2003:

It's certainly interesting to hear all the commentary about 
Cavaliers.  I had not previously considered the Cavalier, though I'd 
thought about the Pontiac Sunfire.  I'm considering it now!

I should add, to my description of my perceptions of the GM WWW sites 
(except Saturn): it's maddening how often the chevrolet.com and 
pontiac.com WWW sites are down, or just fail to respond.  It is often 
impossible to change the color on a Pontiac Sunfire to "red"; they 
thought of the car as grey, and grey is what you're usually going to 
see on the WWW.  The sites frequently fail to respond at all, or 
respond with an "I'm sorry, the system isn't working right now" type 
message.


#38 of 120 by scg on Tue Nov 18 06:22:47 2003:

My 2003 VW Jetta has weight sensors in the seats that are supposed to adjust
airbag deployment force based on the size of the occupant, and not have the
airbags deploy for empty seats.  It's still got warning labels saying not to
let kids under age 12 sit in the front seats due to airbag danger.  I don't
know if that's just a matter of not trusting the sensors, or if the sensors
really don't distinguish well between kids over 12 and kids under 12.

As far as Saturns go, my 1994 Saturn has done pretty well at keeping running
once I started mostly ignoring routing maintenance several years ago.  During
the first few years I had it, I was being careful and taking it in for regular
service, and every time I did something would be found seriously wrong with
it, which would be expensive to fix.  For the last several years I've been
pouring in a quart of oil every thousand miles, getting the oil changed at
a quick oil change place two or three times a year (I haven't been driving
much the last few years), and deciding on a case by case basis whether the
plastic components that break off did any thing functional.  For the only one
that seemed critical (the piece of plastic on the bottom of the car that
channels air into the cooling system) I discovered I was able to reattach the
old one using ethernet cable rather than having it replaced at a cost of
several hundred dollars like I'd done the last couple of times.  Still, when
I got to the point were there was some somewhat significant work I'd have to
do to make it a good road trip car again, and I'd already been looking into
buying a new car during the week the Saturn was missing after it got stolen,
I decided I'd rather replace it than deal with it being repaired.  At almost
10 years old with 130,000 miles on it, I think it's done reasonably well. 
Anybody in the Bay Area want to buy a cheap car?

After finding out what a hassle it is to deal with a stolen car, being hard
to steal quickly rose to near the top of my priority list, and that eliminates
Hondas and Toyotas from consideration.  I don't know if the current generation
of Saturns has gotten any better in that regard, but I was told by the cop
who took my stolen car report that mid-90s Saturns are stolen so often that
the police around here run the plates whenever they see one.  Indeed, I was
talking to somebody on the train this morning who was complaining that his
'94 Saturn had just been stolen for the second time in a year.  That mine was
returned with no damage to the door or the ignition presumably illustrates
just how easy they are to drive off with.  The Jetta, in addition to its alarm
system, has a radio transceiver in the key that has to be in close proximity
to the dash board, or the engine control computer won't run.

I ended up choosing the Jetta for a number of reasons, most of which probably 
won't appeal to jep.  Part of it was because it appears hard to steal.  Part
of it was for safety -- In addition to anti-locks brakes and traction control,
the big airbag question now appears to be not whether to have them but how
many to have.  The Jetta has six of them, front and side for each front seat
passenger, and "side curtain" which goes between the side windows and the
heads of both front and back seat passengers.  The high end luxury cars have
eight.  They add front airbags for the back seat passengers as well.  Other
cars in the Jetta's price range tend to have at most four.  Mostly, though,
the Jetta is just a really fun car to drive.  I wanted a Mercedes or BMW or
Audi, and the Jetta was the closest I could comfortably afford.

The big lesson I learned from car buying this time was the importance of both
shopping around and negotiating.  I started out at the VW dealer that's an
easy walk from my house, where the salesman was very nice and quoted me a
price that was slightly below dealer invoice, so I suspected I was getting
a good deal.  To be sure, I sent requests for quotes to several other VW
dealers in the area (car dealers all now have "Internet sales departments,"
to deal with requests that come in by e-mail or via web forms, and which
supposedly quote lower prices than the sales people in the dealership can
quote), and ended up with a fairly large spread, ranging from slightly above
what I'd been quoted by the first dealer to $2,000 below.

I then went to talk to the guy with the $2,000 lower quote, and found him to 
be really slimy, but also rather easy to push down on price even further.  We 
talked for a couple hours, with him becoming progressively ruder, me becoming 
progressively angrier, and him lowering the price more and more whenever I 
indicated that I didn't like him and really would prefer not to buy from him.  
By the end of that session, we were $2,500 lower than my quote from the 
original dealer, and had moved up to a car with significantly more options.  
He refused to give me the quote in writing, which I thought was strange.  I 
refused to buy without spending the night thinking it over first.  The more I 
thought about it, the more I really wanted to run screaming from the slimy 
salesman, but his pricing seemed just too good to do so.  

I called back the original dealer, and it turned out he didn't have the car 
he'd originally quoted me the price on, just cars loaded with lots of options 
I didn't want to pay for.  I offered him a couple hundred dollars less than 
the slimy dealer's quote for a fancier car, and he said no, as I expected.  I 
then called back the slimy dealer and told him I'd accept the deal we'd 
negotiated the day before, but he responded by raising the price $500.  I 
hung up on him, expecting him to repeat the previous day's pattern by calling 
back, but haven't heard from him since.
 
I then started looking around on the web, and saw that the dealer who had been
my second lowest bidder had three identical cars in the inventory database
on their website.  I called them and said, "hi, I see you have these three
cars in your database.  I had a deal with with (the other dealer) for (the
price that had been offered and withdrawn), but they're really unpleasant to
deal with and I'd much rather buy from somebody else."  He responded by
quoting me a price $500 less than what was no longer available at the other
dealer, and e-mailed me a written quote (a big improvement over the other
guy).  I told him I'd take it.

I ended up buying the car for $4,000 under MSRP, which was $3,000 under
invoice and $3,000 under the original quote I'd gotten, and around $2,500
under the Edmunds.com "true market value."

The salesman who had given me the original quote and refused my counter offer
(which, as it turned out, was more than I ended up paying) called me back as
I got in the door from buying the car.  I told him he was too late, so I don't
know what he would have offered at that point.


#39 of 120 by gelinas on Tue Nov 18 06:41:13 2003:

(IIRC, those warning stickers were Federally mandated, when the reports
started coming out on the first-generation airbags.  The requirement
remains, even if no longer strictly true, because "better safe than sorry"
and liabilty suits are really ugly.)


#40 of 120 by mary on Tue Nov 18 12:57:21 2003:

Yep, I recognize a fellow negotiations warrior up there. ;-)

Go in fully armed with information, check out the incentives,
know how long the car has been on the dealers lot and why this
is important.  Time it for the end of the month.  Don't look
anxious to own the car.  Be firm and willing to walk away.  Don't
muddy up the issues by throwing a trade in into the deal.  

I've never let a deal get hostile but it's gotten tense.
What a shame you need these skills to get a fair price.


#41 of 120 by russ on Tue Nov 18 13:57:11 2003:

(Re #25:  Do the calculations yourself and see.  If you had any
feel for numbers you'd already know.)


#42 of 120 by keesan on Tue Nov 18 14:04:12 2003:

Is this a good time of year to get a discount on a 2003 car?


#43 of 120 by gull on Tue Nov 18 14:42:59 2003:

Re #28: I've had a couple nibbles, but no strong interest.  I'd be
willing to cut a deal on it.  It's a 2-door, though, so it may not be
ideal for someone with a kid.  It's also manual shift; I don't know how
you feel about that.

If you're interested, email me.  I'll let you know the maintenance
issues I know of with it.  (There are only a couple.)

Re #31: Why do GM cars all have that old lady smell after a few years?

A friend of mine used to have an '87 Buick Somerset.  It was a
surprisingly competent car.  By the time I rode in it it had over
100,000 miles on it with minimal maintenance.  It tended to backfire
through the intake under heavy throttle, and sometimes wouldn't restart
for a couple hours if you turned it off with the engine hot.  But other
than that it ran well and gave about 30 mpg until someone rear-ended it
on I-5 and totalled it.

On the other hand, my uncle's mid-80's Cavilier, with good maintenance,
seized up at about 80,000 miles.  GM cars are sorta potluck that way.

Re #38: That plastic air dam is a big problem on Saturns around here. 
It tends to get ripped off the first time you hit one of those ice
chunks that fall off semi trucks.  I hope they fixed it in later models.


#44 of 120 by gelinas on Tue Nov 18 15:48:56 2003:

Ah.  I see now:

}     = $6500 / ( 1/280 gallons/mile * $2/gallon )

and

}       = $1800 / (.015 gallon/mile * $2/gallon)

differ by at least one omitted step.  280 gallons/mile is .0035 gallon/mile .

And yes, it makes sense that a difference of 5 miles per gallon would
take longer to make up than a difference of 15 miles per gallon.


#45 of 120 by jep on Tue Nov 18 17:23:51 2003:

I am not a good negotiator, so examples such as yours, Steve, are very 
helpful to me.  Consumer Reports has an example or two on their WWW 
site as well.

The last time I bought a car from a dealer, it was a used car, and I 
paid what they asked for, then let them pile on whatever garbage they 
wanted, then talked to someone after I'd committed myself and found out 
I'd overpaid by a bunch.

While I was married, I let my wife, who likes cars, do the car buying.

There's a market out there for car negotiator counselors who get great 
deals for people like me in exchange for a portion of the money they 
save.  I suppose anyone who's good at that sort of thing and wants to 
do it professionally sells cars for dealers.


#46 of 120 by remmers on Tue Nov 18 17:30:41 2003:

(I know someone who'd make a GREAT professional car negotiator
counselor if she ever decided she was interested...  ;-)


#47 of 120 by jep on Wed Nov 19 03:02:32 2003:

Apparently my brother who works for Saturn thinks the Ion has improved 
enough he considered buying one.  He works nights but I sent him an e-
mail asking him for his thoughts.  Maybe he'll answer.

Here's why people buy Saturns, I guess:



-----------------------------------------------------------
If you aren't completely satisfied with your new Saturn vehicle, 
you'll have 30 days or 1,500 miles of delivery, whichever comes first, 
to exchange it for another 2004 Saturn vehicle.
-----------------------------------------------------------

There is also the "GM 24 hour test drive" which I feel sure was 
invented by Saturn.  Go to this site and then select "Program 
restrictions".  It's really pretty impressive:

(combine these into one link)

http://www.saturn.com/saturn/financialtools/regionaloffers
   /featured/sleep_on_it.jsp?nav=2200

If I buy a Saturn, I'll have to go to Plymouth or Toledo, but that 
should not be so bad.  When I was married we bought a minivan in 
Farmington Hills; the distance didn't present any problems for us.


#48 of 120 by mynxcat on Wed Nov 19 16:04:51 2003:

The reason 2 people have given me for buying a Saturn is because the 
price at the dealer is fixed. There's no haggling like with other 
dealers, and so they don't leave with a car and wonder if they could 
have got it cheaper


#49 of 120 by twenex on Wed Nov 19 17:22:23 2003:

A lot of British car companies (e.g. Vauxhall, who made the Cavalier over
here) have been taken over by GM, but I've never herard of Saturn. Anyone know
if they have an equivalent in the UK?)


#50 of 120 by jep on Wed Nov 19 18:00:18 2003:

Saturns are built in Tennessee, and are sold only in the US and Canada 
as far as I know.  They're usually rated by magazines as pretty 
ordinary cars, but their customer satisfaction scores are high because 
of their no-haggle pricing and because they really try to make people 
feel happy.  People go to Tennessee to tour the Saturn factory, and 
there's a Saturn-owners "reunion" every year.

They used to use a Japanese style of management.  When my brother hired 
in, he had to interview with the people he would be working with, and 
get their buy-in to be hired, for example.  There was not much division 
between management and line workers.  That's gone now; Saturn is owned 
by GM after all, and that's not the GM way.  But I guess it was fun 
while it lasted.


#51 of 120 by twenex on Wed Nov 19 18:44:47 2003:

Heh. Thanks.


#52 of 120 by russ on Wed Nov 19 23:37:57 2003:

Re #44:  Even a difference of 5 MPG takes more or less time to
make up, depending where it is.

The problem is that fuel consumption is the inverse of miles per
gallon, and people have a poor feel for inverses.  Put it this
way:  making one vehicle improve from 20 MPG (0.05 gallon/mile)
to 40 MPG (0.025 gallon/mile) saves twice as much fuel as
taking an 80 MPG (0.0125 gallon/mile) vehicle and making it
run on no fuel at all.

The savings due to going from 25 MPG to 40 MPG is not 3 times as
much as the savings due to going from 35 MPG to 40 MPG, it is
more like 4.5 times as much; the difference between 20 MPG and
40 MPG is seven times as much as that between 35 MPG and 40 MPG.


#53 of 120 by jep on Fri Nov 21 03:16:13 2003:

My brother said the Saturns are being *much* better built these days.  
He said he wouldn't hesitate to buy one if he were looking for a car 
in that class.

However, I'd been thinking along different lines, and have picked the 
Pontiac Sunfire.  I ordered one this evening, and should get it in a 
few days.

The incentives for GM cars seem to me really amazing.  Counting the 
employee/family pricing, I'll be paying right around 2/3 of MSRP.


#54 of 120 by scg on Fri Nov 21 06:23:25 2003:

Congratulations, jep!

Regarding the recommendations earlier in this item, and over and over again
in Consumer Reports, to know all about the dealer's costs to get the car and
refuse to pay more than some set amount over that, I'm not convinced.  Partly
this is because any formula for that sort of negotiation I've seen would have
resulted in me insisting on a price significantly more than I paid for my new
car, and partly this is because it doesn't seem to make much business sense.
If the supply/demand equation for a given car (or any product) is such that
the dealer can sell every one they get at a large profit, they're not going
to accept offers that don't give them that profit margin.  If they can't sell
something for what they paid for it but they would like to get some of that
money back, they'll cut their losses and sell it for less.

What I'd suggest instead in negotiating car prices (from what little
experience I have at it) is to treat it the same as negotiating anything else
involving large amounts of money -- real estate, telecommunications capacity,
employment terms and sallary:
 - If at all possible, don't make your opening offer until you've heard
   theirs.  You don't want to end up asking for a worse deal than they would
   have just given you.  If they ask you to go first, claim ignorance: "I'm
   just starting to look.  I'm going to get a few more offers before deciding,
   but you know the market better than I do.  Tell me what you think is fair."
   If they refuse to play that game, and won't go first, give them a number
   you know to be way out in left field.  This generally forces them to
   counter with something.  If they instead try to end the conversation, you
   can respond with, "ok, if that won't work, tell me what will."  But then,
   stick to, or close to, your ridiculously low number.  You'll have to go
   up at some point, most likely, but see how low you can get them to go
   first.  They did, after all, ask you to come up with a number.

 - You've said you were going to get other offers as well.  Do it.  Get as
   many other offers as you reasonably can.  Tell any but the lowest that
   they're too high, and see if they respond by coming down on their own. 
   Negotiate down from the lowest, making it clear that you're still talking
   to the others and aren't ready to buy that day.  Also, indicate with some
   hesitation that even the lowest bid might be high enough that the deal
   won't work.  Never say it defnitely won't -- you lose credibility if you
   later end up taking it -- but insist that it will be difficult and that
   you need some time think it over.  When you get to a point where you can
   get up and leave, saying you aren't sure if it's going to work, and they
   don't come after you, you've probably gotten them down as low as you're
   going to get them on your own.

 - Once you're pretty sure you've negotiated a good deal, you're at the point
   of being ready to go to the competition and name your own price, probably
   a few hundred lower than the offer you're about to accept.  If the
   competing dealer accepts your offer, you're probably at the point where
   you should take it -- you're not going to get them down lower than what
   you've already offered them without some significant work.  But at that
   point it might be worth calling another dealer and offering even less, to
   see what happens.  If the other dealers refuse your offers, thank them for
   their time and take the deal you've already negotiated.  That's a good
   indication that you really have done well in the negotiating process.

On a slightly different note, I notice on Saturn's website that while their
dealers aren't supposed to negotiate on price, the dealers do get to set
their own prices.  This presumably means that even if for some reason you
were to buy a Saturn, it would still be worth doing a fair amount of shoping
around for the best price.  I wonder if they really just tell you to go away
if the dealer in the next town turns out to have a lower price.


#55 of 120 by aruba on Fri Nov 21 15:22:53 2003:

Congrats, jep!  And thanks, Steve, for the tutorial.


#56 of 120 by keesan on Fri Nov 21 17:31:27 2003:

Jim never negotiates on his cars.  He currently owns two that were given to
him by friends.  Oddly enough, he fixed chimneys (free) for both of them, and
plumbing, and their other cars....  

Why buy a used car from a dealership rather than from the owner?


#57 of 120 by rcurl on Fri Nov 21 18:18:20 2003:

I doubt that Jim's method of getting cars is a practical option for
most people. I also doubt, however, that it produces exceedingly *reliable*
cars. 


#58 of 120 by scott on Fri Nov 21 18:34:56 2003:

Re 56:  If the car dealer has a used car you want to buy, you just might end
up buying it there.  Actually new-car dealers do get a fair number of used
cars, either trade-ins or previously leased cars and such.  Lots of late-model
cars.


#59 of 120 by cmcgee on Fri Nov 21 21:46:48 2003:

It appears that Saturns are not going to be produced much longer. 
Slow-selling was the excuse as I recall.  


#60 of 120 by keesan on Sat Nov 22 00:11:59 2003:

BOth cards given to Jim were taken care of well by their original owners. 
One of them has a hole in the floor in front of the passenger seat but works
fine otherwise and he can patch it.  They are probably more reliable than
something purchased from a dealer who does not know the history.


#61 of 120 by bru on Sat Nov 22 04:12:28 2003:

A car with a hole (rust) thru the floor boards is very unsafe.  The engine
may run, but I can think of any number of safety problems.


#62 of 120 by keesan on Sat Nov 22 15:18:56 2003:

He is going to rivet a sheet of stainless steel over the hole some year when
the other car stops working, but that car has only about 160,000 miles on it
and we usually only drive it twice a year.  I could sit in back.


#63 of 120 by jep on Sat Nov 22 16:38:58 2003:

I haven't heard anything about Saturn being shut down.  Oldsmobile is 
being discontinued, though.  The last Oldsmobiles are scheduled to be 
made in May, 2004.

My father worked for Oldsmobile (Fisher Body) in Lansing until Fisher 
Body became BOC.

If there were any benefit for me in buying an Olds, I would have 
considered it.  There's not, though.  They don't come with a manual 
transmission, which I wanted.  I don't care about a bigger engine.  I 
would have paid about $8000 more to have an Olds label on the front, 
and it wouldn't have been what I wanted.


#64 of 120 by gull on Tue Nov 25 17:24:27 2003:

My limited experience with buying used cars from car dealers has not
been good.  They seem *very* reluctant to negotiate price on used cars,
even when their asking price is significantly higher than Blue Book.


#65 of 120 by bruin on Tue Nov 25 20:58:28 2003:

I'm quite sure that, given the investment in the launch and promotion 
of the Saturn brand, it would have been a higher priority news item in 
the Detroit media if the nameplate were to be on the way out.  I am 
aware of the impending demise of Oldsmobile, as well as rumors, 
vehemently denied by the powers-that-be at Ford, that Mercury may be 
the next to go.


#66 of 120 by gull on Tue Nov 25 22:07:10 2003:

So far Saturn hasn't been slated for elimination.  It's been basically
folded back into GM, though, so it's no longer really distinct from any
other GM brand.  The plan is to do the usual GM thing -- use the same
platforms for Saturns as for other GM cars, with "badge engineering" and
minor trim differences to try to convince people there's a difference. 
They're also talking about getting rid of the plastic body panels.


#67 of 120 by jep on Wed Nov 26 06:34:41 2003:

I picked up my 2004 Pontiac Sunfire after work today.  It's red, 5 
speed manual, has a power sunroof, MP3 player (and a radio with more 
gadgetry than my computer, which I'll describe some day), cruise, fog 
lamps, intermittent wipers, and chrome wheels.  I would have rather 
had ABS brakes than the spoiler, fog lamps and chrome wheels, but 
there was limited selection.

It's rated at 37 mpg highway, 26 city.  I'm *so* looking forward to 
not buying 25 gallons of gas twice per week!

Nice car.  I got to drive it to Burger King this evening, then a Cub 
Scout meeting; about 20 miles total.  Yeehah.  Tomorrow I'll drive it 
to work then probably go for a longer drive after work.


#68 of 120 by willcome on Thu Nov 27 09:38:43 2003:

Nice whore.


#69 of 120 by jep on Fri Nov 28 03:38:48 2003:

BTW, someone else in my apartment building has a 2004 red Pontiac 
Sunfire.  Mine has a sunroof and chrome wheels; the other one has 
flowery red seat covers.  Otherwise they're pretty much the same.


#70 of 120 by aruba on Fri Nov 28 03:41:20 2003:

Congratulations, John!


#71 of 120 by jep on Fri Nov 28 03:59:19 2003:

I'd like to thank Mary Remmers for her help in buying a car.  She had 
offered (and I had accepted) for her to come along with me to 
dealerships to make sure I got a fair deal.

She didn't actually have to do it, as it turned out, because I found 
out GM employee pricing is at a fixed price.  All dealerships offer 
the same price for GM employees and their families.  She was willing 
to, though.  She had begun the research process.

What a remarkable offer for her to make, though!  I appreciate it 
enormously.  


#72 of 120 by jep on Fri Nov 28 03:59:36 2003:

re resp:70: Thanks!


#73 of 120 by jep on Fri Nov 28 04:29:34 2003:

One thing that surprised me.  I thought, once I picked out the car I 
wanted, of course it would become available in a day or so.  I was 
willing to go either with a Chevy Cavalier or a Pontiac Sunfire.  
They're pretty common cars.

But nope, my choice wasn't common at all.  I wanted a manual 
transmission; that alone cut down my choices a lot.  My dealer and I 
we talked a lot of times, and things got added and subtracted to the 
car I wanted each time we talked.

He wound up faxing me a list of Cavaliers that were as close as he 
could find to what I wanted.  None were all that close, so then he 
faxed me a list of Sunfires.  Eventually he located the one I picked, 
but it was in Kalkaska.  My "new" car came to me with 250 miles on the 
odometer.

The car has some things I really didn't want (spoiler, fog lights), 
and is missing something I really did want (antilock brakes).  It has 
something costly I could have lived without (sunroof), but my son 
loves that sunroof.  The sunroof was part of the Sun and Surf package 
that included an MP3 player.  I really love *that*.  (100 Johnny Cash 
songs on a CD, 91 Garth Brooks songs on another.  Zowie!)

I could have gotten the ABS, but wouldn't budge on not paying for 
OnStar and XM Satellite Radio.

I could have gotten exactly the car I wanted, except it would have 
been black.  My ex-wife's car is black.  No, thanks.  I didn't want to 
buy a car I would hate from the start.

By having GM send me the rebate check instead of applying it to the 
balance of the car, I will, when I receive it, be able to erase my 
credit card balance.  If I keep that balance low for the next few 
years, I will be paying about $75 per month in all for a new car.  If 
I pay more than the minimum monthly bill I can reduce the principal 
and pay off the car in a lot less than 5 years.

I don't understand money.  Sometimes it does really weird things.  
Usually those bite you.  That seems not to have happened this time. 
Right now, it appears to me the net effect of my crashing my Taurus a 
month ago is that a couple of problems just plain disappeared; an 
aging old car and my credit card balance.


#74 of 120 by keesan on Fri Nov 28 13:47:17 2003:

We just learned yesterday that our visitor is selling their 1996 Nissan, in
good condition, with sunroof but no MP3 player.  Dark red.  Anyone want it?
She has been here a week and did not mention it before.  They are going to
be out of the country for a few years or would have kept it.  


#75 of 120 by twenex on Fri Nov 28 14:55:31 2003:

Jep,

I sympathise about money; sometimes I feel the same way.

What's with not wanting fog lights?

It's interesting that buying a manual transmission limits
your choices. I don't know if the same thing happens in
the UK, but if it does, it would be choices in automatics
that are limited, since almost everyone drives manuals
over here. What makes you go for manual over automatic?

I'll have to ask someone whether you can still get cars
w/o anti-lock brakes in Britain or not; i think it's
illegal not to, but I'm not sure. Could Michigan (or
whichever State you're in) make them illegal, or is that
something for the federal government to work out, I
wonder?


#76 of 120 by gull on Fri Nov 28 15:39:42 2003:

When my dad has bought new cars, he's always ended up ordering one with
exactly what he wanted and waiting for it to be produced and shipped. 
But he tended to want cars with less common options, like a trailer
towing package.

ABS was starting to become pretty standard on U.S. cars, but with
downward pressure on prices recently it's become optional again on most
lower-cost models.  Interestingly enough, statistically ABS doesn't seem
to reduce accident rates.  It's possible that drivers "compensate" for
having it by driving more aggressively, cancelling out the benefit.


#77 of 120 by jep on Fri Nov 28 15:54:28 2003:

re resp:76: Now you tell me.  (-:

Sindi, advertise it in classified.  I have always closely considered 
cars I saw advertised there.  I think others probably do, too.  Now, 
I'm emphatically not in the market for a car just now.  But I am sure 
others are.


#78 of 120 by jep on Fri Nov 28 16:09:47 2003:

I'd have rather ordered a car and gotten exactly what I wanted, 
however it would have taken a month, and I didn't want to drive my 
truck for another month.  I would have had to order a Saturn, 
according to the dealership.  They estimated 3-4 weeks for delivery.  
I didn't want to wait.  That affected my decision not to get a Saturn.

I don't know how much the fog lights cost, but whatever it is, it was 
too much.  I have had fog lights in other cars.  I have never gained 
anything from using them.

It gets foggy out in my neck of the woods; there are more 2 hour 
school delays for fog every year than there are cancellations for 
snow.  I've driven in every level of fog, including fog such that you 
don't want to drive more than about 20 mph and shouldn't drive at 
all.  I have never seen any benefit at all to having fog lights under 
any conditions.

I went for manual transmission over automatic because it's more fun to 
drive.  Also there's a slight advantage for gas mileage.  Also it's 
about $800 cheaper (but I'd have gone manual even if it cost the same).

In Michigan, if you drive in the winter, you are occasionally going to 
slide on ice.  Antilock brakes mean you don't have to pay attention to 
your brakes.  You can deal with keeping the car on the road and not 
hitting anyone, and just stomp on the brakes.


#79 of 120 by gull on Fri Nov 28 16:20:27 2003:

I like a manual transmission car better in the snow, because I can instantly
take all the engine force off the drive wheels by pushing in the clutch. 
The results are especially dramatic in a rear wheel drive car -- if the rear
end is starting to step out due to engine braking or accelleration, it will
almost always tuck right back in when I push in the clutch.  I can get the
same effect in an automatic by shifting to neutral, of course, but that
means taking my hands off the wheel and there's always a risk I'll overshoot
and end up in reverse.

The used Volvo I recently bought has *rear* fog lights, which I'd never seen
before but strike me as an interesting idea.  They're like another pair of
tail lights, except about twice as bright, so they penetrate the fog better
and give more of a chance of being seen.


#80 of 120 by keesan on Fri Nov 28 16:50:23 2003:

If I understand correctly, you can start a car with manual transmission by
pushing it down an incline, but not one with automatic transmission.


#81 of 120 by jep on Fri Nov 28 17:02:43 2003:

I had a Pontiac LeMans several years ago, my first manual transmission 
car.  I stalled it and couldn't get it restarted at the Arby's near 
Hamburg.  The battery was dead.

The LeMans was even smaller than my Sunfire.  The parking lot there is 
on a slight incline.  Arby's was dead for business that evening, 
fortunately for me.  So I pushed the car up the incline, and down 
again, jumping in to try to start it.  I did this something like 5 
times, unsuccessfully, but finally a kindly employee came out and 
pushed the car for me.  That worked better, I got it started, and I 
made it home.

This illustrates more that one should pay attention to one's battery 
than that one should buy a manual transmission car, in my opinion.


#82 of 120 by rcurl on Fri Nov 28 17:28:53 2003:

I buy only manual transmission cars for the various reasons others have
given above plus:

It is easier to rock the car to get it out of snow or mud; one gets better
engine breaking going downhill; my cars are less likely to be stolen; our
daughter discovered her "friends" at college don't ask to borrow her manual
("May I borrow your car?" It's a stick shift. "Oh...well, thanks anyway.")

In fact, I can't think of any advantages to an automatic shift. Why are we
having this discussion...?  8^}


#83 of 120 by aruba on Fri Nov 28 17:54:17 2003:

The only time I wish I had an automatic is when I'm in a stop-and-go traffic
jam.  If I had that to do every day, I'd buy an automatic for sure.


#84 of 120 by gull on Fri Nov 28 18:47:16 2003:

Re #82: I've rocked an automatic.  It's not that hard, though you do
have to lead the direction change a little with the shifter to make up
for the time it takes the transmission to shift.  Check the owner's
manual first, though; the internal design of some automatics makes
rocking the car a very bad idea.  Some Hondas, for example, have a
rather unique automatic transmission design that doesn't tolerate
rocking well.

Re #83: I agree with you there.  Stop and go traffic gets tedious in a
hurry in a manual shift car.


#85 of 120 by tpryan on Fri Nov 28 20:10:42 2003:

        Having a hand on the manual transmission can delay you changing
the station on the radio when the commercials come on  (and yes, I 
do change the station when the commercials come on the NPR stations).


#86 of 120 by rcurl on Fri Nov 28 21:03:36 2003:

I think the dominance of the automatic transmission comes about at the
stage of learning to drive. Shifting is a skill that needs to be learned
and practiced. This is frustrating for both the learner and the
instructor! Of course, the learner can't realize the advantages of a
manual transmission, while the instructor can finish the job more easily
(for the same pay) with an automatic. I learned to drive before there were
good automatic transmissions, and of course our daughter wanted to learn
to drive with what was available, which meant a stick shift.



#87 of 120 by drew on Fri Nov 28 22:00:10 2003:

Re #83-84:
    The other two major disadvantages of manual transmissions are:

* Harder to goto full acceleration when needed (ie, when a traffic signal
  changes at *exactly* the wrong moment)

* No "park" gear. Parking brake cables invariably go bad or get stuck
  eventually; and parking with the gears engaged would disallow things
  like remote starting.


#88 of 120 by jep on Fri Nov 28 22:16:42 2003:

I can "rock" an automatic transmission car out of the snow more easily 
than a manual.  I had practice during my time in Houghton.

On the other hand, I can get quick acceleration from a manual much 
more quickly and reliably than from an automatic.  (Just downshift.)

The only time I've had a problem with the emergency brake is when it 
wasn't used for a long time.  With a manual, you're always using the 
emergency brake.


#89 of 120 by jep on Fri Nov 28 22:18:46 2003:

The fog light thing still has me bugged.  If anyone is a fan of fog 
lights, please explain a little more.  I honestly don't understand 
them.  I find it to be an irritant to have them on my car.  Maybe I'm 
missing something?


#90 of 120 by gelinas on Fri Nov 28 23:18:46 2003:

I'm beginning to suspect that the purpose of fog lights is to make your car
more easily seen in fog, not to make it easier for you to see.  But I can't
recall approaching a car using fog lights, so I can't test the hypothesis.

(I put my headlights on earlier, and leave them on later, even though both
cars have daytime running lights, to make it easier for others to see me.)


#91 of 120 by bru on Fri Nov 28 23:52:43 2003:

I always thought amber foglamps helped me see better in fog.


#92 of 120 by gull on Sat Nov 29 01:06:18 2003:

Re #90: The idea of fog lamps is to get them low enough to get the light
under the fog.  There's often a clear area just above the ground.  A lot
of factory fog lamps aren't very effective, though; they're more for looks.

One of the things that annoys me about automatics is under situations
where you're using a lot of throttle at a steady speed (like climbing a
hill) they tend to 'hunt' between gears.  On the Ford van I used to own
I'd get into situations where it would lose speed in 3rd, downshift to
2nd, gain speed, upshift to 3rd, lose speed, downshift to 2nd...  I
ended up manually locking it in 2nd anyway, so I might as well have had
a manual.


#93 of 120 by jep on Sat Nov 29 02:44:39 2003:

There was a study several years ago that showed people who use their 
headlights all the time get in less accidents.  I've never been 
convinced the headlights made the difference.  People who do things 
like that are probably more careful drivers, and a car with headlights 
on in the daytime was unusual.  It seemed to me those things probably 
accounted for the safety difference.

Anyway, Canada passed a law saying all cars have to have headlights on 
all the time.  Maybe it's just for new cars; I'm not sure.  I think it 
was backed by GM.  GM came out with the marketing scheme of daytime 
running lights (DRL), and new GM cars have all had them for about 7 or 
8 years now.  The headlights aren't on; just the parking lights.  I 
don't know of any follow-up studies on whether DRLs make a 
difference.  I assume they don't when I'm driving.

I also turn on my headlights earlier than many, and leave them on 
later than many.  Headlights don't cost very much so I don't care if I 
wear them out faster.

Another thing I do, if I don't have my headlights on, but see a few 
other cars which do, I turn mine on too.  If other people think they 
need them, maybe they really do.


#94 of 120 by dcat on Sat Nov 29 17:09:20 2003:

IIRC, daytime running lights is also headlights on low-power as well as
parking lights, but not on fully.


#95 of 120 by rcurl on Sat Nov 29 18:29:26 2003:

The idea of fog lights is to set the light low so there is not direct
return glare, and to use yellow lights as that is supposedly not reflected
as greatly. I have read that these effects are illusionary. However I
have found that trying to use high-beams in a snow storm is much worse
than using low-beams, so there are better and worse ways to use illumination.
(On some occasions I have opened the driver side door slightly so that
I can follow the centerline of the road, which was not visible in the
snow squall ahead.)


#96 of 120 by jep on Sun Nov 30 02:46:11 2003:

re resp:94: I just found that out today.  DRLs are low-power 
headlights.  I had thought they were just the parking lights.

re resp:95: I agree with all you said, and have done the same things 
as well.

Have you ever found fog lights, specifically, to be useful to you, 
Rane?  


#97 of 120 by russ on Sun Nov 30 04:23:32 2003:

Re #96:  Depending on the car, the DRLs are just the parking
lights.  I believe the Corvette is one of them; anything
which meets the standard for brightness etc. will do.

The first-generation GM DRLs were horribly bright and aimed
way too high.  I wanted something which could fry those
things every time they got in my rear-view mirror.


#98 of 120 by rcurl on Sun Nov 30 06:30:41 2003:

I've never driven a car with fog lights, so I cannot compare personally. 
I was speaking from things I've read and observed about other cars.


#99 of 120 by bru on Sun Nov 30 14:06:16 2003:

My cars headlights automatically come on when it is dark, or when I put the
car in gear.


#100 of 120 by slynne on Sun Nov 30 20:40:29 2003:

My car's headlights are on all the time but at lower power (DRL). This 
is good because I am the type of person who forgets to turn on my 
headlights on rainy grey days when lights probably do make a 
difference. 


#101 of 120 by remmers on Mon Dec 1 00:24:54 2003:

DRL = Daytime Running Lights.  I have 'em and I like 'em.


#102 of 120 by gull on Mon Dec 1 15:34:28 2003:

Re resp:93: I think Volvo has had DRLs longer than GM, but I'm not sure.

My '86 Volvo doesn't have them, but I often drive during the day with the
headlights on anyway.  This is mainly because the headlights and parking
lights go off when I turn off the key, so I often don't bother to ever turn
them off manually.


#103 of 120 by rcurl on Mon Dec 1 16:09:45 2003:

Subarus do have DRL - and they go off with the key. I have on occasion
failed to turn on my headlights at dusk because they are already on -
but the taillights aren't! The dash lights do come on with the headlights,
but I usually have the dash lights turned very low so may not notice
that until it gets much darker. 


#104 of 120 by jep on Mon Dec 1 16:15:55 2003:

Any lights that are left on in my car when it's not running -- dome 
light, map light, headlights -- will be shut off automatically after 20 
minutes.  It's nothing that shows up in advertising anywhere.  I had to 
read the owner's manual a couple of times to find it.  It's just a nice 
thing they stuck in the car, probably because there's a computer in the 
car anyway and it cost little to add it.

re resp:102: If my car turned off the headlights automatically when I 
turn off the key, I'd leave them on all the time, too.


#105 of 120 by jep on Mon Dec 1 16:17:47 2003:

According to my owner's manual, I only need to change the oil every 
7500 miles.  Mostly I drive on highways or 55 mph county roads.  
However, I've heard from some people I should ignore that and change 
the oil every 3000 miles.  Comments?


#106 of 120 by slynne on Mon Dec 1 16:26:10 2003:

Well, it cant hurt to change the oil at 3000 and it doesnt cost that 
much. 


#107 of 120 by rcurl on Mon Dec 1 16:31:31 2003:

Subaru recommends service at 7,500 mile intervals (and also 6-month
intervals - which I ignore as 6-months always comes before 7,500
miles). My last Subaru went for 180,000 miles before rust made it
too dangerous to drive - and the engine was quite sound and used little
oil even at that mileage. I would say that if 7,500 miles is recommended
for your car, jep, that is what you should use. You are wasting money,
oil and your time to change oil more often (and it does "hurt" to create
more used oil needlessly). 


#108 of 120 by keesan on Mon Dec 1 17:38:27 2003:

Jim collects other people's used oil for use in his car, which he figures
might reduce engine life but the body will fall apart first anyway.  We drive
it a few hundred miles a year (twice to Detroit and back).  He just adds more
oil when it is low.


#109 of 120 by gull on Mon Dec 1 17:56:02 2003:

I would follow the manufacturer's instructions.  If you start driving on
dirt roads or on lots of short trips, switch to the "severe service"
recommendation, though.  Oil, oil filters, and engines have improved
since 3,000 miles was the universal rule -- back when that was being
recommended, some cars didn't even *have* an oil filter.  Some car
companies are recommending change intervals as long as 10,000 miles
these days.

If the manufacturer has special instructions for when the first oil
change is supposed to happen, be especially attentive to those.  The
first couple thousand miles are a "break-in" period for the engine, and
it's important to break it in properly to get the best life out of it. 
Sometimes the factory oil fill is a special break-in oil that's meant to
be left in for a specific number of miles.

(Incidentally, friction in the engine is higher during the break-in
period.  You'll probably find that your fuel economy gradually improves
over the next month or two.)


#110 of 120 by jep on Mon Dec 1 20:14:20 2003:

I'm hoping the mileage improves.  I got about 30 mpg on my 2nd tank of 
gas, which was almost all highway miles.  That's not too impressive in 
a car rated at 37.


#111 of 120 by gull on Mon Dec 1 21:05:38 2003:

It'll probably get better as the car loosens up.  Also, I think the EPA
milage estimate is biased pretty heavily towards 55 mph driving, so you
may never quite reach their number if you're like me and spend a lot of
time up around 70 or 75.


#112 of 120 by rcurl on Mon Dec 1 23:07:30 2003:

I get great gas mileage at 55 mph. The problem is there aren't too many
long distance journies one is likely to make at 55.



#113 of 120 by jep on Tue Dec 2 00:01:10 2003:

I drive 30-35 miles to work, one way.  About 25 of it is in 55 mph 
speed zones.  Unfortunately it's not a straight shot; I have to stop or 
slow down greatly (90 degree turns) about a dozen times on my way.


#114 of 120 by tod on Tue Dec 2 00:47:08 2003:

This response has been erased.



#115 of 120 by gull on Tue Dec 2 15:10:23 2003:

Re #112: Yup.  The original justification for the double-nickel, energy
savings, was true.  My Civic gets 36-37 mpg at 70 mph.  On occasions
when I've taken long drives on two-lane highways with a 55 mph limit,
I've squeaked out 40 mpg.


#116 of 120 by jmsaul on Thu Dec 4 03:14:21 2003:

That's a very undramatic gain.


#117 of 120 by gull on Thu Dec 4 16:00:13 2003:

It's about 10%.  If gas prices suddenly went up 10% I bet you'd complain
at least a little about it. ;>

Also, the Civic hatchback is a fairly low-drag car.  Cd is 0.36, which
is decent but not exceptional, but the frontal area is only 1.9 square
meters.  A less aerodynamic car might see a bigger difference.


#118 of 120 by jp2 on Thu Dec 4 16:28:04 2003:

This response has been erased.



#119 of 120 by gull on Thu Dec 4 23:38:39 2003:

That's pretty cool.  I doubt I'll ever buy another Honda, though.  The shape
of their seatbacks is incompatible with the shape of my back.


#120 of 120 by jmsaul on Fri Dec 5 03:00:52 2003:

Re #117:  No.  I don't track it that closely, but gas prices seem to
          fluctuate by 10% all the time.

          I'm not ragging on your car, by the way, just being unimpressed
          by the claimed benefits of the 55mph speed limit.  Good riddance.


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